Top

Gepubliceerd in:

18-09-2015 | Original Article

Dysregulation in Youth with Anxiety Disorders: Relationship to Acute and 7- to 19- Year Follow-Up Outcomes of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Auteurs: Nicole E. Caporino, Joanna Herres, Philip C. Kendall, Courtney Benjamin Wolk

Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development | Uitgave 4/2016

Abstract

This study evaluated the impact of dysregulation across cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains on acute and 7- to 19-year follow-up outcomes of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety, and explored dysregulation as a predictor of psychopathology and impairment in young adulthood among individuals who received anxiety treatment as youth. Participants (N = 64; 50 % female, 83 % non-Hispanic White) from two randomized clinical trials completed a follow-up assessment 7–19 years later. Latent profile analysis identified dysregulation based on Anxious/Depressed, Attention Problems, and Aggressive Behavior scores on the Child Behavior Checklist. Although pretreatment dysregulation was not related to acute or follow-up outcomes for anxiety diagnoses that were the focus of treatment, dysregulation predicted an array of non-targeted psychopathology at follow-up. Among youth with a principal anxiety disorder, the effects of CBT (Coping Cat) appear to be robust against broad impairments in self-regulation. However, youth with a pretreatment dysregulation profile likely need follow-up to monitor for the emergence of other disorders.

vorige artikel Mental Health Problems Among Preschoolers in Germany: Results of the BELLA Preschool Study

volgende artikel Primary Versus Secondary Diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Youth: Is the Distinction an Important One?

This profile has been referred to as the CBCL Dysregulation Profile [89], the CBCL Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Profile [90], the CBCL Pediatric Bipolar Profile [21], the CBCL Mania Proxy [91], and Deficient Emotional Self-Regulation [19]. Operational definitions have varied irrespective of the profile name used.

In Benjamin et al. [42] N = 66 at 7- to 19-year follow-up. For the current analysis, N = 64 as a result of dropping 2 participants for whom pretreatment CBCL data were missing.

CSRs for participants in Kendall et al. [47] were based on the 0-4 scale in use at that time. CSRs for participants in Kendall et al. [48] were based on a 0-8 scale. For consistency, the senior author reviewed posttreatment diagnostic reports for participants in Kendall et al. [48] and recoded CSRs using the 0–4 scale.

Separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia have been conceptualized as sharing an underlying construct [92], are highly comorbid [93], and have been studied jointly in the context of treatment [47].

See Benjamin et al. [42] for a description of how additional treatment ratings were computed for this sample.

Cole PM, Martin SE, Dennis TA (2004) Emotion regulation as a scientific construct: methodological challenges and directions for child development research. Child Dev 75(2):317–333CrossRefPubMed

Eisenberg N, Spinrad TL (2004) Emotion-related regulation: sharpening the definition. Child Dev 75(2):334–339CrossRefPubMed

Althoff RR, Verhulst FC, Rettew DC, Hudziak JJ, Van der Ende J (2010) Adult outcomes of childhood dysregulation: a 14-year follow-up study. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 49(11):1105–1116

Brotman MA, Schmajuk M, Rich BA et al (2006) Prevalence, clinical correlates, and longitudinal course of severe mood dysregulation in children. Biol Psychiatry 60(9):991–997CrossRefPubMed

Althoff RR, Rettew DC, Faraone SV, Boomsma DI, Hudziak JJ (2006) Latent class analysis shows strong heritability of the child behavior checklist–juvenile bipolar phenotype. Biol Psychiatry 60(9):903–911CrossRefPubMed

Biederman J, Martelon M, Faraone SV, Woodworth KY, Spencer TJ, Wozniak JR (2013) Personal and familial correlates of bipolar (BP)-I disorder in children with a diagnosis of BP-I disorder with a positive child behavior checklist (CBCL)-severe dysregulation profile: a controlled study. J Affect Disord 147(1):164–170CrossRefPubMed

Boomsma DI, Rebollo I, Derks EM et al (2006) Longitudinal stability of the CBCL-juvenile bipolar disorder phenotype: a study in Dutch twins. Biol Psychiatry 60(9):912–920CrossRefPubMed

Doyle AE, Biederman J, Ferreira MA, Wong P, Smoller JW, Faraone SV (2010) Suggestive linkage of the child behavior checklist juvenile bipolar disorder phenotype to 1p21, 6p21, and 8q21. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 49(4):378–387

McGough JJ, Loo SK, McCracken JT et al (2008) CBCL pediatric bipolar disorder profile and ADHD: comorbidity and quantitative trait loci analysis. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 47(10):1151–1157CrossRef

10.

Volk HE, Todd RD (2007) Does the child behavior checklist juvenile bipolar disorder phenotype identify bipolar disorder? Biol Psychiatry 62(2):115–120CrossRefPubMed

11.

Althoff RR, Rettew DC, Ayer LA, Hudziak JJ (2010) Cross-informant agreement of the dysregulation profile of the child behavior checklist. Psychiatry Res 178(3):550–555CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

12.

Zepf F, Wöckel L, Poustka F, Holtmann M (2008) Diminished 5-HT functioning in CBCL pediatric bipolar disorder-profiled ADHD patients versus normal ADHD: susceptibility to rapid tryptophan depletion influences reaction time performance. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin 23(4):291–299CrossRef

13.

Holtmann M, Duketis E, Goth K, Poustka L, Boelte S (2010) Severe affective and behavioral dysregulation in youth is associated with increased serum TSH. J Affect Disord 121(1):184–188CrossRefPubMed

14.

Althoff RR, Ayer LA, Crehan ET, Rettew DC, Baer JR, Hudziak JJ (2012) Temperamental profiles of dysregulated children. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 43(4):511–522CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Kim J, Carlson GA, Meyer SE et al (2012) Correlates of the CBCL-dysregulation profile in preschool-aged children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 53(9):918–926CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Jucksch V, Salbach-Andrae H, Lenz K et al (2011) Severe affective and behavioural dysregulation is associated with significant psychosocial adversity and impairment. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 52(6):686–695CrossRefPubMed

17.

Carlson GA (2007) Who are the children with severe mood dysregulation, aka “rages”? Am J Psychiatry 164(8):1140–1142CrossRefPubMed

18.

Achenbach TM, Rescorla L (2001) ASEBA school-age forms and profiles. Aseba, Burlington

19.

Masi G, Muratori P, Manfredi A, Pisano S, Milone A (2015) Child behaviour checklist emotional dysregulation profiles in youth with disruptive behaviour disorders: clinical correlates and treatment implications. Psychiatry Res 225(1):191–196CrossRefPubMed

20.

McGuire JF, Small BJ, Lewin AB et al (2013) Dysregulation in pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res 209(3):589–595CrossRefPubMed

21.

Biederman J, Petty C, Monuteaux MC et al (2009) The CBCL-pediatric bipolar disorder profile predicts a subsequent diagnosis of bipolar disorder and associated impairments in ADHD youth growing up: a longitudinal analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 70(5):732CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

De Caluwé E, Decuyper M, De Clercq B (2013) The child behavior checklist dysregulation profile predicts adolescent DSM-5 pathological personality traits 4 years later. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 22(7):401–411CrossRefPubMed

23.

Biederman J, Monuteaux M, Kendrick E, Klein K, Faraone S (2005) The CBCL as a screen for psychiatric comorbidity in paediatric patients with ADHD. Arch Dis Child 90(10):1010–1015CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

24.

Carlson GA, Kelly KL (1998) Manic symptoms in psychiatrically hospitalized children—what do they mean? J Affect Disord 51(2):123–135CrossRefPubMed

25.

Dienes KA, Chang KD, Blasey CM, Adleman NE, Steiner H (2002) Characterization of children of bipolar parents by parent report CBCL. J Psychiatr Res 36(5):337–345CrossRefPubMed

26.

Faraone SV, Althoff RR, Hudziak JJ, Monuteaux M, Biederman J (2005) The CBCL predicts DSM bipolar disorder in children: a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Bipolar Disord 7(6):518–524CrossRefPubMed

27.

Geller B, Warner K, Williams M, Zimerman B (1998) Prepubertal and young adolescent bipolarity versus ADHD: assessment and validity using the WASH-U-KSADS, CBCL and TRF. J Affect Disord 51(2):93–100CrossRefPubMed

28.

Hazell P, Lewin T, Carr V (1999) Confirmation that child behavior checklist clinical scales discriminate juvenile mania from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Paediatr Child Health 35(2):199–203CrossRefPubMed

29.

Wals M, Hillegers MH, Reichart CG, Ormel J, Nolen WA, Verhulst FC (2001) Prevalence of psychopathology in children of a bipolar parent. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 40(9):1094–1102CrossRef

30.

Diler RS, Birmaher B, Axelson D et al (2009) The child behavior checklist (CBCL) and the CBCL-bipolar phenotype are not useful in diagnosing pediatric bipolar disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 19(1):23–30CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

31.

Kahana SY, Youngstrom EA, Findling RL, Calabrese JR (2003) Employing parent, teacher, and youth self-report checklists in identifying pediatric bipolar spectrum disorders: an examination of diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 13(4):471–488CrossRefPubMed

32.

Youngstrom E, Youngstrom JK, Starr M (2005) Bipolar diagnoses in community mental health: Achenbach child behavior checklist profiles and patterns of comorbidity. Biol Psychiatry 58(7):569–575CrossRefPubMed

33.

Halperin JM, Rucklidge JJ, Powers RL, Miller CJ, Newcorn JH (2011) Childhood CBCL bipolar profile and adolescent/young adult personality disorders: a 9-year follow-up. J Affect Disord 130(1):155–161CrossRefPubMed

34.

Holtmann M, Buchmann AF, Esser G, Schmidt MH, Banaschewski T, Laucht M (2011) The child behavior checklist-dysregulation profile predicts substance use, suicidality, and functional impairment: a longitudinal analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 52(2):139–147CrossRefPubMed

35.

Meyer SE, Carlson GA, Youngstrom E et al (2009) Long-term outcomes of youth who manifested the CBCL-pediatric bipolar disorder phenotype during childhood and/or adolescence. J Affect Disord 113(3):227–235CrossRefPubMed

36.

Biederman J, Petty CR, Day H et al (2012) Severity of the aggression/anxiety-depression/attention (AAA) CBCL profile discriminates between different levels of deficits in emotional regulation in youth with ADHD. J Dev Behav Pediatr 33(3):236CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

37.

Ayer L, Althoff R, Ivanova M et al (2009) Child behavior checklist juvenile bipolar disorder (CBCL-JBD) and CBCL posttraumatic stress problems (CBCL-PTSP) scales are measures of a single dysregulatory syndrome. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 50(10):1291–1300CrossRefPubMed

38.

Mick E, McGough J, Loo S et al (2011) Genome-wide association study of the child behavior checklist dysregulation profile. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 50(8):807–817CrossRef

39.

Southammakosane C, Danielyan A, Welge J et al (2013) Characteristics of the child behavior checklist in adolescents with depression associated with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 145(3):405–408CrossRefPubMed

40.

Suveg C, Zeman J (2004) Emotion regulation in children with anxiety disorders. J Clin Child Adolesc 33(4):750–759CrossRef

41.

Walkup JT, Albano AM, Piacentini J et al (2008) Cognitive behavioral therapy, sertraline, or a combination in childhood anxiety. New Engl J Med 359(26):2753–2766CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

42.

Benjamin CL, Harrison JP, Settipani CA, Brodman DM, Kendall PC (2013) Anxiety and related outcomes in young adults 7–19 years after receiving treatment for child anxiety. J Consult Clin Psychol 81(5):865CrossRefPubMed

43.

Ginsburg GS, Becker EM, Keeton CP et al (2014) Naturalistic follow-up of youths treated for pediatric anxiety disorders. JAMA Psychiatry 71(3):310–318CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

44.

Peris TS, Compton SN, Kendall PC et al (2015) Trajectories of change in youth anxiety during cognitive—behavior therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol 83(2):239–252CrossRefPubMed

45.

Britton JC, Lissek S, Grillon C, Norcross MA, Pine DS (2011) Development of anxiety: the role of threat appraisal and fear learning. Depress Anxiety 28(1):5–17CrossRefPubMed

46.

Craske MG, Kircanski K, Zelikowsky M, Mystkowski J, Chowdhury N, Baker A (2008) Optimizing inhibitory learning during exposure therapy. Behav Res Ther 46(1):5–27CrossRefPubMed

47.

Kendall PC, Flannery-Schroeder E, Panichelli-Mindel SM, Southam-Gerow M, Henin A, Warman M (1997) Therapy for youths with anxiety disorders: a second randomized clincal trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 65(3):366CrossRefPubMed

48.

Kendall PC, Hudson JL, Gosch E, Flannery-Schroeder E, Suveg C (2008) Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disordered youth: a randomized clinical trial evaluating child and family modalities. J Consult Clin Psychol 76(2):282CrossRefPubMed

49.

Silverman W, Albano A (1996) The anxiety disorders interview schedule for children (ADIS-C/P). Psychological Corporation, San Antonio

50.

Silverman WK, Nelles WB (1988) The anxiety disorders interview schedule for children. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 27(6):772–778CrossRef

51.

March JS, Albano AM (1998) New developments in assessing pediatric anxiety disorders. Springer, USA, pp 213–241

52.

Chavira DA, Stein MB, Bailey K, Stein MT (2004) Comorbidity of generalized social anxiety disorder and depression in a pediatric primary care sample. J Affect Disord 80(2):163–171CrossRefPubMed

53.

Silverman WK, Saavedra LM, Pina AA (2001) Test-retest reliability of anxiety symptoms and diagnoses with the anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV: child and parent versions. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 40(8):937–944CrossRef

54.

Achenbach TM (1991) Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4-18, YSR, and TRF profiles. Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont

55.

Achenbach T, Edelbrock C (1991) Manual for the CBCL and 1991 profile. University of Vermont, Burlington

56.

Robins LN, Wing J, Wittchen HU et al (1988) The composite international diagnostic interview: an epidemiologic instrument suitable for use in conjunction with different diagnostic systems and in different cultures. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45(12):1069–1077CrossRefPubMed

57.

Kessler RC, Üstün TB (2004) The world mental health (WMH) survey initiative version of the world health organization (WHO) composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI). Int J Methods Psychiatr 13(2):93–121CrossRef

58.

Association AP (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn) (DSM-IV). APA, Washington

59.

Organization WH (1992) The 10th revision of the international classification of diseases and related health problems (ICD-10). Classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. WHO, Division of Mental Health, Geneva

60.

Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA (1988) An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol 56(6):893CrossRefPubMed

61.

Beck AT, Steer RA (1991) Relationship between the Beck anxiety inventory and the Hamilton anxiety rating scale with anxious outpatients. J Anxiety Disord 5(3):213–223CrossRef

62.

Hewitt PL, Norton GR (1993) The Beck anxiety inventory: a psychometric analysis. Psychol Assess 5(4):408CrossRef

63.

Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown GK (1996) Manual for the beck depression inventory-II. Psychological Corporation, San Antonio

64.

Arnau RC, Meagher MW, Norris MP, Bramson R (2001) Psychometric evaluation of the beck depression inventory-II with primary care medical patients. Health Psychol 20(2):112CrossRefPubMed

65.

Carmody DP (2005) Psychometric characteristics of the Beck depression inventory-II with college students of diverse ethnicity. Int J Psychiatry Clin 9(1):22–28CrossRef

66.

Contreras S, Fernandez S, Malcarne VL, Ingram RE, Vaccarino VR (2004) Reliability and validity of the Beck depression and anxiety inventories in Caucasian Americans and Latinos. Hisp J Behav Sci 26(4):446–462CrossRef

67.

Dozois DJ, Dobson KS, Ahnberg JL (1998) A psychometric evaluation of the Beck depression inventory—II. Psychol Assess 10(2):83CrossRef

68.

Grothe KB, Dutton GR, Jones GN, Bodenlos J, Ancona M, Brantley PJ (2005) Validation of the Beck depression inventory-II in a low-income African American sample of medical outpatients. Psychol Assess 17(1):110CrossRefPubMed

69.

Storch EA, Roberti JW, Roth DA (2004) Factor structure, concurrent validity, and internal consistency of the Beck depression inventory—second edition in a sample of college students. Depress Anxiety 19(3):187–189CrossRefPubMed

70.

Weeks JW, Heimberg RG (2005) Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Beck depression inventory in a non-elderly adult sample of patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Depress Anxiety 22(1):41–44CrossRefPubMed

71.

Sheehan DV (1983) The diagnosis and drug treatment of anxiety disorders. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol 7(4):599–603CrossRef

72.

Hambrick JP, Turk CL, Heimberg RG, Schneier FR, Liebowitz MR (2004) Psychometric properties of disability measures among patients with social anxiety disorder. J Anxiety Disord 18(6):825–839CrossRefPubMed

73.

Leon AC, Olfson M, Portera L, Farber L, Sheehan DV (1997) Assessing psychiatric impairment in primary care with the Sheehan disability scale. Int J Psychiatry Med 27(2):93–105CrossRefPubMed

74.

Leon A, Shear MK, Portera L, Klerman G (1992) Assessing impairment in patients with panic disorder: the Sheehan disability scale. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 27(2):78–82CrossRefPubMed

75.

Placchi M (1997) Measuring disability in subjects with anxiety disorders. Eur Psychiatry 12:249s–253sCrossRefPubMed

76.

Rubin HC, Rapaport MH, Levine B et al (2000) Quality of well being in panic disorder: the assessment of psychiatric and general disability. J Affect Disord 57(1):217–221CrossRefPubMed

77.

Holm S (1979) A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand J Stat 6(2):64–70

78.

Muthén LK, Muthén BO (2010) 1998–2010 Mplus user‘s guide. Muthén and Muthén, Los Angeles

79.

Kline RB (2005) Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford, New York

80.

Lahey BB, Applegate B, Chronis AM et al (2008) Psychometric characteristics of a measure of emotional dispositions developed to test a developmental propensity model of conduct disorder. J Clin Child Adolesc 37(4):794–807CrossRef

81.

Association AP (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (DSM-5^®). American Psychiatric Pub

82.

Dougherty L, Smith V, Bufferd S et al (2014) DSM-5 disruptive mood dysregulation disorder: correlates and predictors in young children. Psychol Med 44(11):2339–2350CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

83.

Pine DS, Cohen E, Cohen P, Brook J (1999) Adolescent depressive symptoms as predictors of adult depression: moodiness or mood disorder? Am J Psychiatry 156(1):133–135CrossRefPubMed

84.

Cummings CM, Caporino NE, Kendall PC (2014) Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after. Psychol Bull 140(3):816CrossRefPubMed

85.

Benito KG, Caporino NE, Frank HE et al (2015) Development of the pediatric accommodation scale: reliability and validity of clinician-and parent-report measures. J Anxiety Disord 29:14–24CrossRefPubMed

86.

Caporino NE, Morgan J, Beckstead J, Phares V, Murphy TK, Storch EA (2012) A structural equation analysis of family accommodation in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol 40(1):133–143CrossRefPubMed

87.

Roy AK, Klein RG, Angelosante A et al (2013) Clinical features of young children referred for impairing temper outbursts. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 23(9):588–596CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

88.

Pearcy MT, Clopton JR, Pope AW (1993) Influences on teacher referral of children to mental health services gender, severity, and internalizing versus externalizing problems. J Emot Behav Disord 1(3):165–169CrossRef

89.

Althoff RR (2010) Dysregulated children reconsidered. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 49(4):302–305

90.

Hudziak JJ, Althoff RR, Derks EM, Faraone SV, Boomsma DI (2005) Prevalence and genetic architecture of child behavior checklist–juvenile bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 58(7):562–568CrossRefPubMed

91.

Galanter CA, Carlson GA, Jensen PS et al (2003) Response to methylphenidate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and manic symptoms in the multimodal treatment study of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder titration trial. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 13(2):123–136CrossRefPubMed

92.

Pine DS, Grun J (1999) Childhood anxiety: integrating developmental psychopathology and affective neuroscience. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 9(1):1–12CrossRefPubMed

93.

Essau CA, Conradt J, Petermann F (1999) Frequency and comorbidity of social phobia and social fears in adolescents. Behav Res Ther 37(9):831–843CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Dysregulation in Youth with Anxiety Disorders: Relationship to Acute and 7- to 19- Year Follow-Up Outcomes of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Auteurs: Nicole E. Caporino
Joanna Herres
Philip C. Kendall
Courtney Benjamin Wolk
Publicatiedatum: 18-09-2015
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development / Uitgave 4/2016
Print ISSN: 0009-398X
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-015-0587-2

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2016

Mental Health Problems Among Preschoolers in Germany: Results of the BELLA Preschool Study

Original Article

The Impact of Tic Severity, Comorbidity and Peer Attachment on Quality of Life Outcomes and Functioning in Tourette’s Syndrome: Parental Perspectives

Original Article

Are Callous-Unemotional Traits Associated with Conflict Adaptation in Childhood?

Original Article

Implicit Theories Relate to Youth Psychopathology, But How? A Longitudinal Test of Two Predictive Models

Original Article

Moderating Effects of Gender on Outcomes Associated with Stressful Life Events Among Elementary School-Age Youth

Original Article

Psychometric Properties of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) in a Non-Clinical Sample of Children and Adolescents in Saudi Arabia

Open Access
Original Article

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Dysregulation in Youth with Anxiety Disorders: Relationship to Acute and 7- to 19- Year Follow-Up Outcomes of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Abstract

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2016

Mental Health Problems Among Preschoolers in Germany: Results of the BELLA Preschool Study

The Impact of Tic Severity, Comorbidity and Peer Attachment on Quality of Life Outcomes and Functioning in Tourette’s Syndrome: Parental Perspectives

Are Callous-Unemotional Traits Associated with Conflict Adaptation in Childhood?

Implicit Theories Relate to Youth Psychopathology, But How? A Longitudinal Test of Two Predictive Models

Moderating Effects of Gender on Outcomes Associated with Stressful Life Events Among Elementary School-Age Youth

Psychometric Properties of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) in a Non-Clinical Sample of Children and Adolescents in Saudi Arabia

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Mental Health Problems Among Preschoolers in Germany: Results of the BELLA Preschool Study

The Impact of Tic Severity, Comorbidity and Peer Attachment on Quality of Life Outcomes and Functioning in Tourette’s Syndrome: Parental Perspectives

Are Callous-Unemotional Traits Associated with Conflict Adaptation in Childhood?

Implicit Theories Relate to Youth Psychopathology, But How? A Longitudinal Test of Two Predictive Models

Moderating Effects of Gender on Outcomes Associated with Stressful Life Events Among Elementary School-Age Youth

Psychometric Properties of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) in a Non-Clinical Sample of Children and Adolescents in Saudi Arabia