Skip to main content
Mijn bibliotheek
Shop
Nieuws Boeken Tijdschriften Toetsvragen Web-tv Video Audio
Tips voor Mijn BSL
Inloggen

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie heeft ervoor gezorgd dat je Mijn BSL eenvoudig en snel kunt raadplegen. Je kunt je links eenvoudig registreren. Met deze gegevens kun je thuis, of waar ook ter wereld toegang krijgen tot Mijn BSL. Heb je een vraag, neem dan contact op met helpdesk@thim.nl.

» Andere revante producten voor THIM studenten en medewerkers.

Registreer

Om ook buiten de locaties van THIM, thuis bijvoorbeeld, van Mijn BSL gebruik te kunnen maken, moet je jezelf eenmalig registreren. Dit kan alleen vanaf een computer op een van de locaties van THIM.

Eenmaal geregistreerd kun je thuis of waar ook ter wereld onbeperkt toegang krijgen tot Mijn BSL.

Login

Als u al geregistreerd bent, hoeft u alleen maar in te loggen om onbeperkt toegang te krijgen tot Mijn BSL.

Inloggen
Top
Psychological Research
Gepubliceerd in:

01-05-2006 | Original Article

Unlearning a stimulus–response association

Auteurs: Ling-po Shiu, Tin-cheung Chan

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 3/2006

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Abstract

After a response has been associated with a particular stimulus, would this association be “unlearned” when the circumstances call for a new response to be made to that stimulus? This question was investigated in the present study with a negative priming (NP) paradigm developed by Shiu and Kornblum (1996). In the study, participants first practiced with a particular pairing of stimuli and responses in a four-choice reaction time (RT) task. Then, in the transfer phase, they switched to a different pairing of the same set of stimuli and responses. The results showed that a transfer response was slow if this response and the stimulus in the preceding trial had been paired in the training phase. Such NP effects persisted even after extended practice with the new pairing, suggesting that the “old” stimulus–response (SR) associations remain despite acquisition of some “new” associations.
vorige artikel Stimulus and response chunking in the Hebb Digits task
volgende artikel Organization of visuo-spatial serial memory: interaction of temporal order with spatial and temporal grouping
Voetnoten
1
We also did the same statistical analysis comparing type 2 trials (see the Design section) with the control condition. The type 2 trials are on average slower than the control condition by 10 ms, F(1,7) = 42.05, MSE = 63.66, p < .001. At the end of the transfer phase, the type 2 trials are slower by 3 ms, which is not significant, t(7) = 1.59, p > .05.
 
2
Of course, it may be argued that even more extended training on the new SR mapping might eliminate the NP effects more substantially. But at this point, we have to conclude that there is little evidence that the NP effects might be eliminated.
 
Literatuur
Anderson, M. C. (2003). Rethinking interference theory: Executive control and the mechanisms of forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 49, 415–445.
Anderson, M. C., Bjork, R. A., & Bjork, E. L. (1994). Remembering can cause forgetting: Retrieval dynamics in long-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 20, 1063–1087.
Anderson, M. C., Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. A. (2000). Retrieval-induced forgetting: Evidence for a recall-specific mechanism. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 7, 522–530.
Barnes, J. M., & Underwood, B. J. (1959) “Fate” of first-list associations in transfer theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 97–105.
Bäuml K.-H. (1996) Revisiting an old issue: Retroactive interference as a function of the degree of original and interpolated learning. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3, 380–384.
Blaxton T. A. (1992). Dissociations among memory measures in memory impaired subjects: Evidence for a processing account of memory. Memory & Cognition, 20, 549–562.
Bower, G. H., Thompson-Schill, S., & Tulving, E. (1994). Reducing retroactive interference: An interference analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 20, 51–66.
Graf, P., Squire, L., Mander, G. (1984). The information that amnesic patients do not forget. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 10, 164–178.
Johnson, S. K., Anderson, M. C. (2004). The role of inhibitory control in forgetting semantic knowledge. Psychological Science, 15, 448–453.
Kane, M. J., May, C. P., Hasher, L., Rahhal, T., & Stolzfus, E. R. (1997). Dual mechanisms of negative priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 23, 632–650.
Kornblum, S., Hasbroucq, T., & Osman, A. (1990). Dimensional overlap: cognitive basis for stimulus-response compatibility—a model and taxonomy. Psychological Review, 97, 253–270.
Light, L. L., & Albertson, S. A. (1989). Direct and indirect tests of memory for category exemplars in young and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 4, 487–492.
MacDonald, P. A., & Joordens, S. (2000). Investigation of a memory-based account of negative priming: Support for selection-feature mismatch. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 26, 1478–1496.
MacLeod, C. M., (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review. Psychological Review,109, 163–203.
McGeoch, J. A. (1932). Forgetting and the law of disuse. Psychological Review, 39, 352–370.
McGovern, J. B. (1964). Extinction of associations in four transfer paradigms. Psychological Monographs, 78
Melton, A. W., & Irwin, J. M. (1940). The influence of degree of interpolated learning on retroactive inhibition and the overt transfer of specific responses. American Journal of Psychology, 53, 173–203.
Neill, W. T. (1977). Inhibitory and facilitatory processes in selective attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3, 444–450.
Postman, L. (1962). Transfer of training as a function of experimental paradigm and degree of first-list learning. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1, 109–118.
Postman, L., Keppel, G. (1967). Retroactive inhibition in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74, 203–211.
Reisberg, D., Baron, J., & Kemler, D. G. (1980). Overcoming Stroop interference: The effects of practice on distractor potency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 6, 140–150.
Roediger, H. L. III. (1974). Inhibiting effects of recall. Memory & Cognition, 2, 261–269.
Roediger, H. L. III, & McDermott, K. B. (1993). Implicit memory in normal human subjects. In Boller F., Grafman J. (Eds.) Handbook of neuropsychology (pp. 63–131). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Schacter D. L. (1987). Implicit memory history and current status. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition, 13, 501–518.
Shimamura, A. P. (1986). Priming effects in amnesia: Evidence for a dissociable memory function. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38A, 619–644.
Shiu, L. P., & Kornblum, S. (1996). Negative priming and stimulus-response compatibility. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3, 510–514.
Tipper, S. P. (2001). Does negative priming reflect inhibitory mechanisms? A review and integration of conflicting views. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology,54A, 321–343.
Tipper, S. P., & Cranston, M. (1985). Selective attention and priming: Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of ignored primes. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 37A, 591–611.
Tulving, E., & Pearlstone, Z. (1966). Availability versus accessibility of information in memory for words. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5, 381–391.
Underwood, B. J., Runquist, W. N., Schulz, R. W. (1959). Response learning in paired-associate lists as a function of intralist similarity. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 70–78.
Metagegevens
Titel
Unlearning a stimulus–response association
Auteurs
Ling-po Shiu
Tin-cheung Chan
Publicatiedatum
01-05-2006
Uitgeverij
Springer-Verlag
Gepubliceerd in
Psychological Research / Uitgave 3/2006
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-004-0201-x

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2006

Stimulus and response chunking in the Hebb Digits task

  • Original Article

Pending intentions: Effects of prospective task encoding on the performance of another task

  • Original Article

Organization of visuo-spatial serial memory: interaction of temporal order with spatial and temporal grouping

  • Original Article

Can the location negative priming process operate in a proactive manner?

  • Original Article

Crosstalk between on-line and off-line processing of visual features

  • Original Article