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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
Gepubliceerd in:

01-01-2011

The Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene (DRD4) Moderates Family Environmental Effects on ADHD

Auteurs: Michelle M. Martel, Molly Nikolas, Katherine Jernigan, Karen Friderici, Irwin Waldman, Joel T. Nigg

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2011

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Abstract

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prime candidate for exploration of gene-by-environment interaction (i.e., G x E), particularly in relation to dopamine system genes, due to strong evidence that dopamine systems are dysregulated in the disorder. Using a G x E design, we examined whether the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat polymorphism, previously associated with ADHD, moderated the effects of inconsistent parenting and marital conflict on ADHD or Oppositional-Defiant Disorder (ODD). Participants were 548 children with ADHD and non-ADHD comparison children and their parents. Homozygosity for the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat insertion allele increased vulnerability for ADHD and ODD only in the presence of inconsistent parenting and appeared to increase susceptibility to the influence of increased child self-blame for marital conflict on ADHD inattention. DRD4 genotypes may interact with these proximal family environmental risk factors by increasing the individual’s responsivity to environmental contingencies.
volgende artikel Executive Functioning Characteristics Associated with ADHD Comorbidity in Adolescents with Disruptive Behavior Disorders
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Metagegevens
Titel
The Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene (DRD4) Moderates Family Environmental Effects on ADHD
Auteurs
Michelle M. Martel
Molly Nikolas
Katherine Jernigan
Karen Friderici
Irwin Waldman
Joel T. Nigg
Publicatiedatum
01-01-2011
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2011
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-010-9439-5

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