Endoscopic surgery depends on the visualization of the inner body using a camera system. The optic and camera head are usually steered and controlled by a member of the OR team, such as an OR assistant, resident, or second surgeon. They provide a view from their perspective that is not necessarily in line with the first surgeon’s preferences. Many attempts have been made to bring control of the field of view back to the surgeon, but it is difficult for one person to control both instruments and camera without disrupting the flow of surgery. Many methods of steering have been explored and deemed insufficient. Artificial intelligence in image analysis may bring new perspectives to robotized camera steering. An overview of techniques is provided in this chapter.
