Top

Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Gepubliceerd in:

10-10-2022

Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem on the Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Empathy Among Vietnamese University Students

Auteurs: Minh Anh Quang Tran, Tú Anh Hà, Nguyen Ngoc Thao Chau, Thien An Nguyen Dang, Vinh Tai Ngo

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy | Uitgave 3/2023

Abstract

Empathy is a critical element of subjective well-being and an important personality trait among undergraduate students. To improve empathy among undergraduate students, the current study examined the relationship between self-compassion and empathy and the mediating role of self-esteem in this relationship. Participants were six hundred and twenty-two (320 males and 302 females) students from five Vietnamese universities, aged 18–21 years (M_age = 19.5; SD_age = 0.95 years), who completed the self-compassion scale (SCS), empathy scale in adults (BES-A), and self-esteem scale of Toulouse (ETES). The results indicated that (1) self-compassion was positively associated with empathy; (2) self-esteem mediated the relationship between the two variables. Therefore, enhancing undergraduate students’ self-compassion may be an effective way to improve their empathy. However, additional studies are required to elucidate the role of self-compassion in the educational context.

vorige artikel Problematic Internet use in Adults: The Role of Happiness, Psychological Resilience, Dispositional Hope, and Self-control and Self-management

volgende artikel Correction to: Can Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and Mindfulness be Integrated Effectively within High Performance Settings?

Albiero, P., Matricardi, G., Speltri, D., & Toso, D. (2009). The assessment of empathy in adolescence: A contribution to the Italian validation of the “Basic Empathy Scale.” Journal of Adolescence, 32(2), 393–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.01.001CrossRefPubMed

Anastacio, S., Vagos, P., Nobre-Lima, L., Rijo, D., & Jolliffe, D. (2016). The Portuguese version of the Basic Empathy Scale (BES): Dimensionality and measurement invariance in a community adolescent sample. European Journal of Developmental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2016.1167681CrossRef

Barry, C. T., Loflin, D. C., & Doucette, H. (2015). Adolescent self-compassion: Associations with narcissism, self-esteem, aggression, and internalizing symptoms in at-risk males. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 118–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.036CrossRef

Bellet, P. S. (1991). The importance of empathy as an interviewing skill in medicine. JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association, 266(13), 1831. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1991.03470130111039CrossRefPubMed

Birkett, M. (2014). Self-compassion and empathy across cultures: Comparison of young adults in China and the United States. International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology, 3(3), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsp.2013.551CrossRef

Birnie, K., Speca, M., & Carlson, L. E. (2010). Exploring self-compassion and empathy in the context of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Stress and Health, 26(5), 359–371. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1305CrossRef

Bleidorn, W., Arslan, R. C., Denissen, J. J., Rentfrow, P. J., Gebauer, J. E., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2016). Age and gender differences in self-esteem—A cross-cultural window. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 111(3), 396. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000078CrossRefPubMed

Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment (2nd ed.). Basic.

Brief, A. P., Butcher, A. H., George, J. M., & Link, K. E. (1993). Integrating bottom-up and top-down theories of subjective well-being: The case of health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(4), 646–653. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.64.4.646CrossRefPubMed

Carré, A., Stefaniak, N., D’Ambrosio, F., Bensalah, L., & Besche-Richard, C. (2013). The Basic Empathy Scale in Adults (BES-A): Factor structure of a revised form. Psychological Assessment, 25(3), 679–691. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032297CrossRefPubMed

Cast, A. D., & Burke, P. J. (2002). A theory of self-esteem. Social Forces, 80(3), 1041–1068. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2002.0003CrossRef

Čavojová, V., Sirota, M., & Belovičová, Z. (2012). Slovak validation of the Basic Empathy Scale in pre-adolescents. Studia Psychologica, 54(3), 195–208.

Christov-Moore, L., Simpson, E. A., Coudé, G., Grigaityte, K., Iacoboni, M., & Ferrari, P. F. (2014). Empathy: Gender effects in brain and behavior. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 46(P4), 604–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.001CrossRef

Coll, M. G., Navarro-Mateu, D., Giménez-Espert, M. D. C., & Prado-Gascó, V. J. (2020). Emotional intelligence, empathy, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in Spanish adolescents: Regression vs. QCA models. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1629. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01629CrossRef

D’Ambrosio, F., Olivier, M., Didon, D., & Besche, C. (2009). The basic empathy scale: A French validation of a measure of empathy in youth. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(2), 160–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.020CrossRef

Dalton, D., & Ortegren, M. (2011). Gender differences in ethics research: The importance of controlling for the social desirability response bias. Journal of Business Ethics, 103(1), 73–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0843-8CrossRef

Donald, J. N., Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P. D., Sahdra, B. K., Marshall, S. L., & Guo, J. (2018). A worthy self is a caring self: Examining the developmental relations between self-esteem and self-compassion in adolescents. Journal of Personality, 86(4), 619–630. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12340CrossRefPubMed

Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218CrossRefPubMed

Grotevant, H. D., Cooper, C. R., Lerner, R., & Castellino, D. (1999). Patterns of interaction in family relationships and the development of identity exploration in adolescence. In Adolescents and their families: Structure, function, and parent-youth relationships (pp. 103–116).

Hawes, M. T., Szenczy, A. K., Klein, D. N., Hajcak, G., & Nelson, B. D. (2021). Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005358CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Helwig, N. E., & Ruprecht, M. R. (2017). Age, gender, and self-esteem: A sociocultural look through a nonparametric lens. Archives of Scientific Psychology, 5(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/arc0000032CrossRef

Hemmerdinger, J. M., Stoddart, S. D., & Lilford, R. J. (2007). A systematic review of tests of empathy in medicine. BMC Medical Education, 7(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-7-24CrossRef

Heynen, E. J. E., Van der Helm, G. H. P., Stams, G. J. J. M., & Korebrits, A. M. (2016). Measuring empathy in a German youth prison: A validation of the German version of the Basic Empathy Scale (BES) in a sample of incarcerated juvenile offenders. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 16(5), 336–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2016.1219217CrossRef

Holas, P., Kowalczyk, M., Krejtz, I., Wisiecka, K., & Jankowski, T. (2021). The relationship between self-esteem and self-compassion in socially anxious. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02305-2CrossRef

Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118CrossRef

Huang, L., Thai, J., Zhong, Y., Peng, H., Koran, J., & Zhao, X.-D. (2019). The positive association between empathy and self-esteem in Chinese medical students: A multi-institutional study. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01921CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. Journal of Adolescence, 29(4), 589–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.08.010CrossRefPubMed

Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration (IJEC), 11(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101CrossRef

Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., Batts Allen, A., & Hancock, J. (2007). Self-compassion and reactions to unpleasant self-relevant events: The implications of treating oneself kindly. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(5), 887–904. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.887CrossRefPubMed

Linh, T. T., Huong, T. T., & Trang, N. M. (2017). Development and validation of the Self-Esteem Scale of Toulouse (ETES) in Vietnam. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 05(01), 114–125. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.51010CrossRef

Liu, Q., & Wang, Z. (2021). Perceived stress of the COVID-19 pandemic and adolescents’ depression symptoms: The moderating role of character strengths. Personality and Individual Differences, 182, 111062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111062CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Luo, Y., Meng, R., Li, J., Liu, B., Cao, X., & Ge, W. (2019). Self-compassion may reduce anxiety and depression in nursing students: A pathway through perceived stress. Public Health, 174, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.05.015CrossRefPubMed

Lyvers, M., Randhawa, A., & Thorberg, F. A. (2020). Self-compassion in relation to alexithymia, empathy, and negative mood in young adults. Mindfulness, 11(7), 1655–1665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01379-6CrossRef

Marcia, J. E. (1994). The empirical study of ego identity. In T. L. G. G. H. A. Bosma, H. D. Grotevant, & D. J. de Levita (Eds.), Identity and development: An interdisciplinary approach (pp. 67–80). Sage Publications Inc.

Marshall, S. L., Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P. D., & Sahdra, B. K. (2020). Is self-compassion selfish? The development of self-compassion, empathy, and prosocial behavior in adolescence. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 30, 472–484. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12492CrossRefPubMed

Marshall, S. L., Parker, P. D., Ciarrochi, J., Sahdra, B., Jackson, C. J., & Heaven, P. C. L. (2015). Self-compassion protects against the negative effects of low self-esteem: A longitudinal study in a large adolescent sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 74, 116–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.013CrossRef

Neff, K. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032CrossRef

Neff, K. D. (2011). Self-compassion, self-esteem, and well-being. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00330.xCrossRef

Neff, K. D., & Pommier, E. (2013). The relationship between self-compassion and other-focused concern among college undergraduates, community adults, and practicing meditators. Self and Identity, 12(2), 160–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2011.649546CrossRef

Neff, K. D., & Vonk, R. (2009). Self-compassion versus global self-esteem: Two different ways of relating to oneself. Journal of Personality, 77(1), 23–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00537.xCrossRefPubMed

Nelson, J. R., Hall, B. S., Anderson, J. L., Birtles, C., & Hemming, L. (2018). Self–compassion as self-care: A simple and effective tool for counselor educators and counseling students. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 13(1), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/15401383.2017.1328292CrossRef

Nguyen, T. M., Xiao, X., Xiong, S., Guo, C., & Cheng, G. (2020). Effects of parental educational involvement on classroom peer status among Chinese primary school students: A moderated mediation model of psychological Suzhi and family socioeconomic status. Children and Youth Services Review, 111, 104881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104881CrossRef

Orth, U., & Robins, R. W. (2014). The development of self-esteem. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(5), 381–387. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414547414CrossRef

Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Widaman, K. F. (2012). Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(6), 1271–1288. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025558CrossRefPubMed

Reilly, E. D., Rochlen, A. B., & Awad, G. H. (2014). Men’s self-compassion and self-esteem: The moderating roles of shame and masculine norm adherence. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 15(1), 22–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031028CrossRef

Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global self-esteem and specific self-esteem: Different concepts, different outcomes. American Sociological Review, 60(1), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/2096350CrossRef

Sa, B., Ojeh, N., Majumder, M. A. A., Nunes, P., Williams, S., Rao, S. R., & Youssef, F. F. (2019). The relationship between self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and empathy among students from six health professional programs. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 31(5), 536–543. https://doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2019.1607741CrossRefPubMed

Sinclair, S., Beamer, K., Hack, T. F., McClement, S., Raffin Bouchal, S., Chochinov, H. M., & Hagen, N. A. (2017). Sympathy, empathy, and compassion: A grounded theory study of palliative care patients’ understandings, experiences, and preferences. Palliative Medicine, 31(5), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216316663499CrossRefPubMed

Souza, L. K., & Hutz, C. S. (2016). Self-compassion in relation to self-esteem, self-efficacy and demographical aspects. Paidéia (ribeirão Preto), 26, 0181–0188. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272664201604CrossRef

Stotland, E., & Dunn, R. E. (1963). Empathy, self-esteem, and birth order. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66(6), 532–540. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0042891CrossRefPubMed

Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (2004). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In J. T. Jost & J. Sidanius (Eds.), Political psychology: Key readings (pp. 276–293). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203505984-16CrossRef

Tandazo Rigazio, V. (2021). Effects of a self-compassion training program on university students’ mental health: A randomized controlled trial. (Master’s in Clinical Psychology Department), Universidad San Francisco, Quito, Ecuador. Retrieved from, http://repositorio.usfq.edu.ec/handle/23000/11098

Tran, M. A. Q., Van Pham, M., Mai, T. T., Le, G. N. H., & Song, G. A. N. (2022a). Self-compassion and students’ well-being among Vietnamese students: Chain mediation effect of narcissism and anxiety. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 40(3), 618–633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-021-00431-1CrossRef

Tran, M. A. Q., Vo-Thanh, T., Soliman, M., Ha, A. T., & Van Pham, M. (2022b). Could mindfulness diminish mental health disorders? The serial mediating role of self-compassion and psychological well-being. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03421-3CrossRefPubMed

Tran, M. A. Q., Vo-Thanh, T., Soliman, M., Khoury, B., & Chau, N. N. T. (2022c). Self-compassion, mindfulness, stress, and self-esteem among Vietnamese university students: Psychological well-being and positive emotion as mediators. Mindfulness. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01980-xCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Teding van Berkhout, E., & Malouff, J. M. (2016). The efficacy of empathy training: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000093CrossRefPubMed

Tkach, C. T. (2005). Unlocking the treasury of human kindness: Enduring improvements in mood, happiness, and self-evaluations. (Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology), University of California, Riverside.

Villadangos, M., Errasti, J., Amigo, I., Jolliffe, D., & García-Cueto, E. (2016). Characteristics of empathy in young people measured by the Spanish validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. Psicothema, 28(3), 323–329. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.6CrossRefPubMed

Wei, M., Liao, K. Y. H., Ku, T. Y., & Shaffer, P. A. (2011). Attachment, self-compassion, empathy, and subjective well-being among college students and community adults. Journal of Personality, 79(1), 191–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00677.xCrossRefPubMed

Welp, L. R., & Brown, C. M. (2014). Self-compassion, empathy, and helping intentions. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2013.831465CrossRef

Yang, Y., Guo, Z., Kou, Y., & Liu, B. (2019). Linking self-compassion and prosocial behavior in adolescents: The mediating roles of relatedness and trust. Child Indicators Research, 12(6), 2035–2049. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-019-9623-2CrossRef

Titel: Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem on the Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Empathy Among Vietnamese University Students
Auteurs: Minh Anh Quang Tran
Tú Anh Hà
Nguyen Ngoc Thao Chau
Thien An Nguyen Dang
Vinh Tai Ngo
Publicatiedatum: 10-10-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy / Uitgave 3/2023
Print ISSN: 0894-9085
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6563
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-022-00484-w

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2023

The Effect of negative emotion on concentration through emotional regulation: mediated moderation of Metacognitive Awareness

Correction to: Can Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and Mindfulness be Integrated Effectively within High Performance Settings?

Open Access
Correction

Preliminary validation of the self-report measure assessing experiences of negative independent and dependent event frequency in Japanese university students

Open Access

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem on the Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Empathy Among Vietnamese University Students

Abstract

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2023

The Effect of negative emotion on concentration through emotional regulation: mediated moderation of Metacognitive Awareness

Correction to: Can Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and Mindfulness be Integrated Effectively within High Performance Settings?

Preliminary validation of the self-report measure assessing experiences of negative independent and dependent event frequency in Japanese university students

Problematic Internet use in Adults: The Role of Happiness, Psychological Resilience, Dispositional Hope, and Self-control and Self-management

The Mediating Role of Irrational Beliefs in the Relationship between Anger and Sociotropic Personality Traits in Nursing Students

Investigation of the Relationships Between Mindfulness, Wisdom, Resilience and Life Satisfaction in Turkish Adult Population

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

The Effect of negative emotion on concentration through emotional regulation: mediated moderation of Metacognitive Awareness

Correction to: Can Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and Mindfulness be Integrated Effectively within High Performance Settings?

Preliminary validation of the self-report measure assessing experiences of negative independent and dependent event frequency in Japanese university students

Problematic Internet use in Adults: The Role of Happiness, Psychological Resilience, Dispositional Hope, and Self-control and Self-management

The Mediating Role of Irrational Beliefs in the Relationship between Anger and Sociotropic Personality Traits in Nursing Students

Investigation of the Relationships Between Mindfulness, Wisdom, Resilience and Life Satisfaction in Turkish Adult Population