Skip to main content

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie heeft ervoor gezorgd dat je Mijn BSL eenvoudig en snel kunt raadplegen. Je kunt je links eenvoudig registreren. Met deze gegevens kun je thuis, of waar ook ter wereld toegang krijgen tot Mijn BSL. Heb je een vraag, neem dan contact op met helpdesk@thim.nl.

Registreer

Om ook buiten de locaties van THIM, thuis bijvoorbeeld, van Mijn BSL gebruik te kunnen maken, moet je jezelf eenmalig registreren. Dit kan alleen vanaf een computer op een van de locaties van THIM.

Eenmaal geregistreerd kun je thuis of waar ook ter wereld onbeperkt toegang krijgen tot Mijn BSL.

Login

Als u al geregistreerd bent, hoeft u alleen maar in te loggen om onbeperkt toegang te krijgen tot Mijn BSL.

Top
Gepubliceerd in:

01-05-2016

Religion as problem, religion as solution: religious buffers of the links between religious/spiritual struggles and well-being/mental health

Auteurs: Hisham Abu-Raiya, Kenneth I. Pargament, Neal Krause

Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research | Uitgave 5/2016

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Purpose

Previous studies have established robust links between religious/spiritual struggles (r/s struggles) and poorer well-being and psychological distress. A critical issue involves identifying the religious factors that buffer this relationship. This is the first study to empirically address this question. Specifically, it examines four religious factors (i.e., religious commitment, life sanctification, religious support, religious hope) as potential buffers of the links between r/s struggle and one indicator of subjective well-being (i.e., happiness) and one indicator of psychological distress (i.e., depressive symptoms).

Method

We utilized a cross-sectional design and a nationally representative sample of American adults (N = 2140) dealing with a wide range of major life stressors.

Results

We found that the interactions between r/s struggle and all potential moderators were significant in predicting happiness and/or depression. The linkage between r/s struggle and lower levels of happiness was moderated by higher levels of each of the four proposed religious buffers. Religious commitment and life sanctification moderated the ties between r/s struggles and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions

The findings underscore the multifaceted character of religion: Paradoxically, religion may be a source of solutions to problems that may be an inherent part of religious life.
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Paloutzian, R., & Park, C. L. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of psychology of religion and spirituality (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press. Paloutzian, R., & Park, C. L. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of psychology of religion and spirituality (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
2.
go back to reference Koenig, H. G., King, D., & Carson, V. B. (2012). Handbook of religion and health (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Koenig, H. G., King, D., & Carson, V. B. (2012). Handbook of religion and health (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
3.
go back to reference Pargament, K. I., Mahoney, A., Exline, J. J., Jones, J. W., & Shafranske, E. P. (2013). Envisioning an integrative paradigm for the psychology of religion and spirituality. In K. I. Pargament, J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Vol. 1, pp. 1–19)., Context, theory, and research Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Pargament, K. I., Mahoney, A., Exline, J. J., Jones, J. W., & Shafranske, E. P. (2013). Envisioning an integrative paradigm for the psychology of religion and spirituality. In K. I. Pargament, J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Vol. 1, pp. 1–19)., Context, theory, and research Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
4.
go back to reference Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., & Magyar-Russell, G. (2010). When religion goes awry: Religious risk factors for poorer health and well-being. In P. J. Verhagen, H. M. Van Praag, J. J. Lopez-Ipor, J. L. Cox, & D. Moussaoui (Eds.), Religion and psychiatry: Beyond boundaries (pp. 389–411). New York: Wiley.CrossRef Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., & Magyar-Russell, G. (2010). When religion goes awry: Religious risk factors for poorer health and well-being. In P. J. Verhagen, H. M. Van Praag, J. J. Lopez-Ipor, J. L. Cox, & D. Moussaoui (Eds.), Religion and psychiatry: Beyond boundaries (pp. 389–411). New York: Wiley.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., Grubbs, J. B., & Yali, A. M. (2014). The Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale: Development and initial validation. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6, 208–222. doi:10.1037/a0036465.CrossRef Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., Grubbs, J. B., & Yali, A. M. (2014). The Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale: Development and initial validation. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6, 208–222. doi:10.​1037/​a0036465.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Exline, J. J. (2013). Religious and spiritual struggles. In K. I. Pargament, J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (vol 1: Context, theory, and research (pp. 459–475). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef Exline, J. J. (2013). Religious and spiritual struggles. In K. I. Pargament, J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (vol 1: Context, theory, and research (pp. 459–475). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Pargament, K. I., Murray-Swank, N., Magyar, G. M., & Ano, G. G. (2005). Spiritual struggle: A phenomenon of interest to psychology and religion. In W. R. Miller & H. Delaney (Eds.), Judeo-Christian perspectives on psychology: Human nature, motivation, and change (pp. 245–268). Washington, DC: APA Books.CrossRef Pargament, K. I., Murray-Swank, N., Magyar, G. M., & Ano, G. G. (2005). Spiritual struggle: A phenomenon of interest to psychology and religion. In W. R. Miller & H. Delaney (Eds.), Judeo-Christian perspectives on psychology: Human nature, motivation, and change (pp. 245–268). Washington, DC: APA Books.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Exline, J. J., & Rose, E. D. (2013). Religious and spiritual struggles. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (2nd ed., pp. 380–398). New York, NY: Guilford Press. Exline, J. J., & Rose, E. D. (2013). Religious and spiritual struggles. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (2nd ed., pp. 380–398). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
10.
go back to reference Pargament, K. I. (2007). Spiritually integrated psychotherapy: Understanding and addressing the sacred. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Pargament, K. I. (2007). Spiritually integrated psychotherapy: Understanding and addressing the sacred. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
11.
go back to reference Harris, J. I., Erbes, C. R., Winskowski, A. M., Engdahl, B. E., & Nguyen, X. V. (2014). Social support as a mediator in the relationship between religious comforts and strains and trauma symptoms. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 3, 223–229. doi:10.1037/a0036421.CrossRef Harris, J. I., Erbes, C. R., Winskowski, A. M., Engdahl, B. E., & Nguyen, X. V. (2014). Social support as a mediator in the relationship between religious comforts and strains and trauma symptoms. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 3, 223–229. doi:10.​1037/​a0036421.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference McConnell, K. M., Pargament, K. I., Ellison, C. G., & Flannelly, K. J. (2006). Examining the links between spiritual struggles and symptoms of psychopathology in a national sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 1469–1484. doi:10.1002/jclp.20325.CrossRefPubMed McConnell, K. M., Pargament, K. I., Ellison, C. G., & Flannelly, K. J. (2006). Examining the links between spiritual struggles and symptoms of psychopathology in a national sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 1469–1484. doi:10.​1002/​jclp.​20325.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Park, C. L., Brooks, M. A., & Sussman, J. (2009). Dimensions of religion and spirituality in psychological adjustment of older adults living with congestive heart failure. In A. L. Ai & M. Ardelt (Eds.), Faith and well-being in later life (pp. 41–58). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science. Park, C. L., Brooks, M. A., & Sussman, J. (2009). Dimensions of religion and spirituality in psychological adjustment of older adults living with congestive heart failure. In A. L. Ai & M. Ardelt (Eds.), Faith and well-being in later life (pp. 41–58). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science.
16.
17.
go back to reference Abu-Raiya, H., & Pargament, K. I. (2015). Religious coping among diverse religions: Commonalities and divergences. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 7, 24–33. doi:10.1037/a0037652.CrossRef Abu-Raiya, H., & Pargament, K. I. (2015). Religious coping among diverse religions: Commonalities and divergences. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 7, 24–33. doi:10.​1037/​a0037652.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Pargament, K. I. (1997). The psychology of religion and coping: Theory, research, practice. New York, NY: The Guilford Press. Pargament, K. I. (1997). The psychology of religion and coping: Theory, research, practice. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
19.
go back to reference Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Exline, J. J., & Agbaria, Q. (in press). Prevalence, predictors and implications of religious/spiritual struggles among Muslims. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Exline, J. J., & Agbaria, Q. (in press). Prevalence, predictors and implications of religious/spiritual struggles among Muslims. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion.
20.
go back to reference Exline, J. J., Park, C. L., Smyth, J. M., & Carey, M. P. (2011). Anger toward God: Five foundational studies emphasizing predictors, doubts about God’s existence, and adjustment to bereavement and cancer. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 129–148. doi:10.1037/a0021716.CrossRefPubMed Exline, J. J., Park, C. L., Smyth, J. M., & Carey, M. P. (2011). Anger toward God: Five foundational studies emphasizing predictors, doubts about God’s existence, and adjustment to bereavement and cancer. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 129–148. doi:10.​1037/​a0021716.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Fitchett, G., Murphy, P., Kim, J., Gibbons, J. L., Cameron, J. R., & Davis, J. A. (2004). Religious struggle: Prevalence, correlates, and mental health risks in diabetic, congestive heart failure, and oncology patients. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 34, 179–196. doi:10.2190/UCJ9-DP4M-9C0X-835M.CrossRefPubMed Fitchett, G., Murphy, P., Kim, J., Gibbons, J. L., Cameron, J. R., & Davis, J. A. (2004). Religious struggle: Prevalence, correlates, and mental health risks in diabetic, congestive heart failure, and oncology patients. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 34, 179–196. doi:10.​2190/​UCJ9-DP4M-9C0X-835M.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Johnson, C. V., & Hayes, J. A. (2003). Troubled spirits: Prevalence and predictors of religious and spiritual concerns among university students and counseling center clients. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 409–419. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.50.4.409.CrossRef Johnson, C. V., & Hayes, J. A. (2003). Troubled spirits: Prevalence and predictors of religious and spiritual concerns among university students and counseling center clients. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 409–419. doi:10.​1037/​0022-0167.​50.​4.​409.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Morgan, K. A. D., Scott, J. K., Parshad-Asnani, M., Gibson, R. C., O’Garo, K. N., & Edwards, C. L. (2014). Associations amongst disease severity, religious coping, and depression in a cohort of Jamaicans with sickle-cell disease. Mental Health, Religion, and Culture, 17(9), 937–945. doi:10.1080/13674676.2014.961910.CrossRef Morgan, K. A. D., Scott, J. K., Parshad-Asnani, M., Gibson, R. C., O’Garo, K. N., & Edwards, C. L. (2014). Associations amongst disease severity, religious coping, and depression in a cohort of Jamaicans with sickle-cell disease. Mental Health, Religion, and Culture, 17(9), 937–945. doi:10.​1080/​13674676.​2014.​961910.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
25.
go back to reference Allport, G. W., & Ross, J. M. (1967). Personal religious orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5(4), 432.CrossRefPubMed Allport, G. W., & Ross, J. M. (1967). Personal religious orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5(4), 432.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Donahue, M. J. (1985). Intrinsic and extrinsic religiousness: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 400–419.CrossRef Donahue, M. J. (1985). Intrinsic and extrinsic religiousness: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 400–419.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Koenig, H. G., & Büssing, (2010). The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A five-item measure for use in epidemiological studies. Religions, 1, 78–85. doi:10.3390/rel1010078.CrossRef Koenig, H. G., & Büssing, (2010). The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A five-item measure for use in epidemiological studies. Religions, 1, 78–85. doi:10.​3390/​rel1010078.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Ryan, R. M., Rigby, S., & King, K. (1993). Two types of religious internalization and their relations to religious orientations and mental health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 586–596.CrossRefPubMed Ryan, R. M., Rigby, S., & King, K. (1993). Two types of religious internalization and their relations to religious orientations and mental health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 586–596.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Pargament, K. I., & Mahoney, A. M. (2005). Sacred matters: Sanctification as a phenomenon of interest for the psychology of religion. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 15, 179–198.CrossRef Pargament, K. I., & Mahoney, A. M. (2005). Sacred matters: Sanctification as a phenomenon of interest for the psychology of religion. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 15, 179–198.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., & DeMaris, A. (2009). Couples viewing marriage and pregnancy through the lens of the sacred: A descriptive study. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 20, 1–45.CrossRef Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., & DeMaris, A. (2009). Couples viewing marriage and pregnancy through the lens of the sacred: A descriptive study. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 20, 1–45.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Doehring, C., Clarke, A., Pargament, K. I., Hayes, A., Hammer, D., Nikolas, M., & Hughes, P. (2009). Perceiving sacredness in life: Correlates and predictors. Archives for the Psychology of Religion, 31, 55–73.CrossRef Doehring, C., Clarke, A., Pargament, K. I., Hayes, A., Hammer, D., Nikolas, M., & Hughes, P. (2009). Perceiving sacredness in life: Correlates and predictors. Archives for the Psychology of Religion, 31, 55–73.CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Lichter, D. T., & Carmalt, J. H. (2009). Religion and marital quality among low-income couples. Social Science Research, 38(1), 168–187.CrossRef Lichter, D. T., & Carmalt, J. H. (2009). Religion and marital quality among low-income couples. Social Science Research, 38(1), 168–187.CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Ellison, C. G., Henderson, A. K., Glenn, N. D., & Harkrider, K. E. (2011). Sanctification, stress, and marital quality. Family Relations, 60(4), 404–420.CrossRef Ellison, C. G., Henderson, A. K., Glenn, N. D., & Harkrider, K. E. (2011). Sanctification, stress, and marital quality. Family Relations, 60(4), 404–420.CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., Jewell, T., Swank, A. B., Scott, E., Emery, E., & Rye, M. (1999). Marriage and the spiritual realm: The role of proximal and distal religious constructs in marital functioning. Journal of Family Psychology, 13, 321–338.CrossRef Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., Jewell, T., Swank, A. B., Scott, E., Emery, E., & Rye, M. (1999). Marriage and the spiritual realm: The role of proximal and distal religious constructs in marital functioning. Journal of Family Psychology, 13, 321–338.CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Walker, A. G., Jones, M. N., Wuensch, K. L., Aziz, S., & Cope, J. G. (2008). Sanctifying work: Effects on satisfaction, commitment, and intent to leave. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 18(2), 132–145.CrossRef Walker, A. G., Jones, M. N., Wuensch, K. L., Aziz, S., & Cope, J. G. (2008). Sanctifying work: Effects on satisfaction, commitment, and intent to leave. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 18(2), 132–145.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Pargament, K. I., Smith, B. W., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 37, 710–724. doi:10.2307/1388152.CrossRef Pargament, K. I., Smith, B. W., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 37, 710–724. doi:10.​2307/​1388152.CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Gall, T. L., & Guirguis-Younger, M. (2013). Religious and spiritual coping: Current theory and research. In K. I. Pargament (Editor in Chief), J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Associate Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Volume 1: Context, theory, and research, pp. 459–475). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi: 10.1037/14045-019 Gall, T. L., & Guirguis-Younger, M. (2013). Religious and spiritual coping: Current theory and research. In K. I. Pargament (Editor in Chief), J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Associate Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Volume 1: Context, theory, and research, pp. 459–475). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi: 10.​1037/​14045-019
40.
go back to reference Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Weissberger, A., & Exline, J. (2015). An empirical examination of religious/spiritual struggles among Israeli-Jews. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion,. doi:10.1080/10508619.2014.100351941. Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Weissberger, A., & Exline, J. (2015). An empirical examination of religious/spiritual struggles among Israeli-Jews. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion,. doi:10.​1080/​10508619.​2014.​100351941.
42.
go back to reference Rosmarin, D. H., Pargament, K. I., & Mahoney, A. (2009). The role of religiousness in anxiety, depression, and happiness in a Jewish community sample: A preliminary investigation. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 12(2), 97–113.CrossRef Rosmarin, D. H., Pargament, K. I., & Mahoney, A. (2009). The role of religiousness in anxiety, depression, and happiness in a Jewish community sample: A preliminary investigation. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 12(2), 97–113.CrossRef
43.
go back to reference Allison, P. D. (2002). Missing data. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Allison, P. D. (2002). Missing data. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
44.
go back to reference Moos, R. H., Cronkite, R. C., Billings, A. G., & Finney, J. W. (1984). Health and daily living form manual. Stanford, CA: Social Ecology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University. Moos, R. H., Cronkite, R. C., Billings, A. G., & Finney, J. W. (1984). Health and daily living form manual. Stanford, CA: Social Ecology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University.
45.
go back to reference Stauner, N., Exline, J. J, & Pargament, K. (February, 2015). A bifactor model of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles scale. Paper presented at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Long Beach, CA. Stauner, N., Exline, J. J, & Pargament, K. (February, 2015). A bifactor model of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles scale. Paper presented at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Long Beach, CA.
47.
go back to reference Scioli, A., Ricci, M., Nyugen, T., & Scioli, E. R. (2011). Hope: Its nature and measurement. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 3, 78–97.CrossRef Scioli, A., Ricci, M., Nyugen, T., & Scioli, E. R. (2011). Hope: Its nature and measurement. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 3, 78–97.CrossRef
48.
go back to reference Andresen, E. M., Malmgren, J. A., Carter, W. B., & Patrick, D. L. (1994). Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10, 77–84.PubMed Andresen, E. M., Malmgren, J. A., Carter, W. B., & Patrick, D. L. (1994). Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10, 77–84.PubMed
49.
go back to reference Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46, 137–155.CrossRef Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46, 137–155.CrossRef
52.
go back to reference Brenner, R. R. (1980). The faith and doubt of Holocaust survivors. New York, NY: Free Press. Brenner, R. R. (1980). The faith and doubt of Holocaust survivors. New York, NY: Free Press.
53.
go back to reference Croog, S. H., & Levine, S. (1972). Religious identity and response to serious illness: A report on heart patients. Social Science and Medicine, 6, 17–32.CrossRefPubMed Croog, S. H., & Levine, S. (1972). Religious identity and response to serious illness: A report on heart patients. Social Science and Medicine, 6, 17–32.CrossRefPubMed
54.
go back to reference Fitchett, R., & Risk, J. L. (2009). Screening for spiritual struggle. Journal of Pastoral Care and Counseling, 63, 1–2. Fitchett, R., & Risk, J. L. (2009). Screening for spiritual struggle. Journal of Pastoral Care and Counseling, 63, 1–2.
55.
go back to reference Murray-Swank, N. A., & Waelde, L. C. (2013). Spirituality, religion, and clinical trauma: Integrating research, theory, and clinical practice. In K. I. Pargament (Ed.-in-Chief), A. Mahoney, & E. Shafranske (Assoc. Eds.), APA handbooks in psychology: APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality: Vol. 2. An applied psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 335–354). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Murray-Swank, N. A., & Waelde, L. C. (2013). Spirituality, religion, and clinical trauma: Integrating research, theory, and clinical practice. In K. I. Pargament (Ed.-in-Chief), A. Mahoney, & E. Shafranske (Assoc. Eds.), APA handbooks in psychology: APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality: Vol. 2. An applied psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 335–354). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Metagegevens
Titel
Religion as problem, religion as solution: religious buffers of the links between religious/spiritual struggles and well-being/mental health
Auteurs
Hisham Abu-Raiya
Kenneth I. Pargament
Neal Krause
Publicatiedatum
01-05-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer International Publishing
Gepubliceerd in
Quality of Life Research / Uitgave 5/2016
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1163-8