Top

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

Gepubliceerd in:

01-09-2014

Rumination and Excessive Reassurance Seeking: Mediators of the Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Depression?

Auteurs: DeMond M. Grant, Matt R. Judah, Adam C. Mills, William V. Lechner, Collin L. Davidson, LaRicka R. Wingate

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2014

Abstract

Social anxiety and depression are highly comorbid conditions. Although this has led researchers to suggest that social anxiety may convey risk for depression, few studies have examined mechanisms of comorbidity between these two conditions. The current study tested two mechanisms of comorbidity between symptoms of these disorders: brooding and excessive reassurance seeking. The data were evaluated in an undergraduate sample assessed three times over a 2 month period. Results suggested that brooding mediated the relationship between social anxiety at Time 1 and depression at Time 3, although no evidence was found for excessive reassurance-seeking as a mediator of these two variables. These findings support recent research suggesting that brooding may be a transdiagnostic process. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

vorige artikel A Bifactor Model of Anxiety Sensitivity: Analysis of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3

volgende artikel Tolerating Distress After Trauma: Differential Associations Between Distress Tolerance and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

Abbott, M., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). Post-event rumination and negative self-appraisal in social phobia before and after treatment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113, 136–144. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.113.1.136.PubMedCrossRef

Aderka, I. M., Hofmann, S. G., Nickerson, A., Hermesh, H., Gilboa-Schechtman, E., & Marom, S. (2012). Functional impairment in social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 393–400. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.01.003.PubMedCrossRef

Akaike, H. (1987). Factor analysis and AIC. Psychometrika, 52, 317–322. doi:10.1007/BF02294359.CrossRef

Alden, L. E., & Phillips, N. (1990). An interpersonal analysis of social anxiety and depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 499–512. doi:10.1007/BF01172970.CrossRef

Alden, L. E., & Taylor, C. T. (2010). Interpersonal processes in social anxiety disorder. In J. G. Beck (Ed.), Interpersonal processes in the anxiety disorders: Implications for understanding psychopathology and treatment (pp. 125–152). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment Spring 2008 Reference Group Data Report (Abridged). (2009). Journal of American College Health, 57(5), 477–488. doi:10.3200/JACH.57.5.477-488.CrossRef

Arbuckle, J. L. (2010). AMOS 19 [Computer software]. Chicago: SPSS.

Aune, T., & Stiles, T. C. (2009). The effect of depression and stressful life events on the development and maintenance of syndromal social anxiety: sex and age differences. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 38, 501–512. doi:10.1080/15374410902976304.PubMedCrossRef

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Bollen, K. A. & Long J. S. (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Brown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (2005). Dimensional versus categorical classification of mental disorders in the fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders and beyond: comment on the special section. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 551–556. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.551.PubMedCrossRef

Brown, E. J., Turovsky, J., Heimberg, R. G., Juster, H. R., Brown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (1997). Validation of the social interaction anxiety scale and the social phobia scale across the anxiety disorders. Psychological Assessment, 9, 21–27. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.9.1.21.CrossRef

Brown, T. A., Chorpita, B. F., & Barlow, D. H. (1998). Structural relationships among dimensions of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders and dimensions of negative affect, positive affect, and autonomic arousal. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 179–192. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.107.2.179.PubMedCrossRef

Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991). Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 316–336. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.100.3.316.PubMedCrossRef

Cougle, J. R., Keough, M. E., Riccardi, C. J., & Sachs-Ericsson, N. (2009). Anxiety disorders and suicidality in the national comorbidity survey-replication. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43, 825–829. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.12.004.PubMedCrossRef

Cougle, J. R., Fitch, K., Fincham, F. D., Riccardi, C. J., Keough, M. E., & Timpano, K. R. (2012). Excessive reassurance seeking and anxiety pathology: tests of incremental associations and directionality. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 117–125. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.10.001.PubMedCrossRef

Dalrymple, K. L., & Zimmerman, M. (2007). Does comorbid Social Anxiety Disorder impact the clinical presentation of principal Major Depressive Disorder? Journal of Affective Disorders, 100, 241–247.

Darcy, K., Davila, J., & Beck, J. G. (2005). Is social anxiety associated with both interpersonal avoidance and interpersonal dependence? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 171–186. doi:10.1007/s10608-005-3163-4.CrossRef

Davila, J. (2001). Refining the association between excessive reassurance seeking and depressive symptoms: the role of related interpersonal constructs. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 20, 538–559. doi:10.1521/jscp.20.4.538.22394.CrossRef

Davila, J., & Beck, J. G. (2002). Is social anxiety associated with impairment in close relationships? A preliminary investigation. Behavior Therapy, 33, 427–444. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(02)80037-5.CrossRef

Ehring, T., & Watkins, E. R. (2008). Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 1, 192–205. doi:10.1680/ijct.2008.1.3.192.CrossRef

Ehring, T., Zetsche, U., Weidacker, K., Wahl, K., Schönfeld, S., & Ehlers, A. (2011). The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ): validation of a content-independent measure of repetitive negative thinking. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42, 225–232. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.12.003.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Erwin, B. A., Heimberg, R. G., Juster, H., & Mindlin, M. (2002). Comorbid anxiety and mood disorders among persons with social anxiety disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 19–35.

Flynn, M., Kecmanovic, J., & Alloy, L. B. (2010). An examination of integrated cognitive-interpersonal vulnerability to depression: the role of rumination, perceived social support, and interpersonal stress generation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34, 456–466. doi:10.1007/s10608-010-9300-8.CrossRef

Fritz, M. S., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2007). Required sample size to detect the mediated effect. Psychological Science, 18, 233–239. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01882.x.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Grant, D. M., Beck, J. G., Farrow, S. M., & Davila, J. (2007). Do interpersonal features of social anxiety influence the development of depressive symptoms? Cognition and Emotion, 21, 646–663. doi:10.1080/02699930600713036.CrossRef

Hankin, B. L., Fraley, R. C., Lahey, B. B., & Waldman, I. D. (2005). Is depression best viewed as a continuum or discrete category? A taxometric analysis of childhood and adolescent depression in a population-based sample. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 96–110. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.96.PubMedCrossRef

Harris, P. W., Pepper, C. M., & Maack, D. J. (2008). The relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and depressive symptoms: the mediating role of rumination. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 150–160. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.07.011.CrossRef

Hayes, A. F., & Scharkow, M. (2013). The relative trustworthiness of inferential tests of the indirect effect in statistical mediation analysis: Does method really matter? Psychological Science, 24, 1918–1927. doi:10.1177/0956797613480187.

Heerey, E. A., & Kring, A. M. (2007). Interpersonal consequences of social anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 125–134. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.116.1.125.PubMedCrossRef

Heimberg, R. G., & Becker, R. E. (2002). Cognitive-behavioral group therapy for social phobia. New York: Guilford Press.

Heimberg, R. G., Mueller, G. P., Holt, C. S., & Hope, D. A. (1992). Assessment of anxiety in social interaction and being observed by others: the social interaction anxiety scale and the social phobia scale. Behavior Therapy, 23, 53–73.CrossRef

Hiller, W., Zaudig, M., & von Bose, M. (1989). The overlap between depression and anxiety on different levels of psychopathology. Journal of Affective Disorders, 16, 223–231. doi:10.1016/0165-0327(89)90077-3.PubMedCrossRef

Hu, L., & Bentler, P. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118.CrossRef

Joiner, T. E., & Metalsky, G. I. (1995). A prospective test of an integrative interpersonal theory of depression: a naturalistic study of college roommates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 778–788. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.778.PubMedCrossRef

Joiner, T. E., & Schmidt, N. B. (1998). Excessive reassurance seeking predicts depressive but not anxious reactions to acute stress. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 533–537. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.107.3.533.PubMedCrossRef

Joiner, T. E., Alfano, M. S., & Metalsky, G. I. (1992). When depression breeds contempt: reassurance seeking, self-esteem, and rejection of depressed college students by their roommates. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101(1), 165–173. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.101.1.165.PubMedCrossRef

Joiner, T. E., Katz, J., & Lew, A. (1999). Harbingers of depressotypic reassurance seeking: negative life events, increased anxiety, and decreased self-esteem. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 632–639.

Joiner, T. E., & Metalsky, G. I. (2001). Excessive reassurance seeking: delineating a risk factor involved in the development of depressive symptoms. Psychological Science, 12, 371–378.

Joorman, J., Dkane, M., & Gotlib, I. H. (2006). Adaptive and maladaptive components of rumination? Diagnostic specificity and relation to depressive biases. Behavior Therapy, 37, 269–280. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.01.002.CrossRef

Jöreskog, K. G. (1993). Testing structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 294–316). Newbury Park: Sage.

Katz, J., Beach, S. R. H., & Joiner, T. E. (1998). When does partner devaluation predict emotional distress? Prospective moderating effects of reassurance-seeking and self-esteem. Personal Relationships, 5, 409–421. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1998.tb00179.x.CrossRef

Keenan, K., Feng, X., Hipwell, A., & Klostermann, S. (2009). Depression begets depression: comparing the predictive utility of depression and anxiety symptoms to later depression. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50, 1167–1175. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02080.x.CrossRef

Kessler, R. C., Merikangas, K. R., & Wang, P. S. (2008). The prevalence and correlates of workplace depression in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 50, 381–390. doi:10.1097/JOM.0b013e31816ba9b8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Harrington, H., Milne, B. J., & Poulton, R. (2003). Prior juvenile diagnoses in adults with mental disorder: developmental follow-back of a prospective-longitudinal cohort. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 709–717. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.7.709.PubMedCrossRef

Klein, D. N., & Riso, L. P. (1993). Psychiatric disorders. Problems of boundaries and comorbidity. In C. G. Costello (Ed.), Basic issues in psychopathology (pp. 19–66). New York: Guilford Press.

Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press.

Kocovski, N. L., & Rector, N. A. (2007). Predictors of post-event rumination related to social anxiety. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 36, 112–122. doi:10.1080/16506070701232090.PubMedCrossRef

Kollman, D. M., Brown, T. A., Liverant, G. I., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006). A taxometric investigation of the latent structure of social anxiety disorder in outpatients with anxiety and mood disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 23, 190–199. doi:10.1002/da.20158.PubMedCrossRef

Krueger, R. F., Watson, D., & Barlow, D. H. (2005). Introduction to the special section: toward a dimensionally based taxonomy of psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 491–493. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.491.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Ledley, D. R., Huppert, J. D., Foa, E. B., Davidson, J. R. T., Keefe, F. J., & Potts, N. L. S. (2005). Impact of depressive symptoms on the treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 22, 161–167. doi:10.1002/da.PubMedCrossRef

MacCallum, R. C., Zhang, S., & Preacher, K. J. (2002). On the practice of dichotomization of quantitative variables. Psychological Methods, 7, 19–40. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.19.PubMedCrossRef

Mattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998). Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 455–470. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(97)10031-6.PubMedCrossRef

Maxwell, S. E., & Cole, D. A. (2007). Bias in cross-sectional analyses of longitudinal mediation. Psychological Methods, 12, 23–44. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.23.PubMedCrossRef

Mazure, C. M., Bruce, M. L., Maciejewski, P. K., & Jacobs, S. C. (2000). Adverse life events and cognitive-personality characteristics in the prediction of major depression and antidepressant response. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 896–903. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.896.PubMedCrossRef

McLaughlin, K. A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2011). Rumination as a transdiagnostic factor in depression and anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 186–193. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.12.006.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Mellings, T. M. B., & Alden, L. E. (2000). Cognitive processes in social anxiety: the effects of self-focus, rumination, and anticipatory processing. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 243–257. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00040-6.PubMedCrossRef

Metalsky, G. I., Joiner, T. E., Jr., Potthoff, J., Pacha, L., Alfano, M. S., & Hardin, T. (1991). The depressive interpersonal relationships inventory. Unpublished manuscript.

Mineka, S., Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1998). Comorbidity of anxiety and unipolar mood disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 377–412. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.377.PubMedCrossRef

Miranda, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2007). Brooding and reflection: rumination predicts suicidal ideation at 1-year follow-up in a community sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 3088–3095. doi:10.1016/J.brat.2007.07.015.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Moitra, E., Herbert, J. D., & Forman, E. M. (2008). Behavioral avoidance mediates the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms among social anxiety disorder patients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 1205–1213. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.002.PubMedCrossRef

Neale, M. C., & Kendler, K. S. (1995). Models of comorbidity for multifactorial disorders. American Journal of Human Genetics, 57, 935–953.PubMedCentralPubMed

Nepon, T., Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., & Molnar, D. S. (2011). Perfectionism, negative social feedback, and interpersonal rumination in depression and social anxiety. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 43, 297–308. doi:10.1037/a0025032.CrossRef

Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000). The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 504–511. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.109.3.504.PubMedCrossRef

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Morrow, J. (1991). A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 115–121. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.115.PubMedCrossRef

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Parker, L. E., & Larson, J. (1994). Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 92–104. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.1.92.PubMedCrossRef

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., McBride, A., & Larson, J. (1997). Rumination and psychological distress among bereaved partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 855–862. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.4.855.PubMedCrossRef

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Davis, C. G. (1999). “Thanks for sharing that”: Ruminators and their social support networks. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 801–814.

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 400–424. doi:10.1111/J.1745-6924.2008.00088.x.CrossRef

Ohayon, M. M., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2010). Social phobia and depression: prevalence and comorbidity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68, 235–243. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.07.018.PubMedCrossRef

Pearson, K. A., Watkins, E. R., Mullan, E. G., & Moberly, N. J. (2010). Psychosocial correlates of depressive rumination. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48, 784–791. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.05.007.PubMedCrossRef

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891.

Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401.CrossRef

Regier, D. A., Rae, D. S., Narrow, W. E., Kaelber, C. T., & Schatzberg, A. F. (1998). Prevalence of anxiety disorders and their comorbidity with mood and addictive disorders. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 34(Suppl), 24–28. doi:10.1017/S1121189X00008575.

Rhee, S. H., Hewitt, J. K., Corley, R. P., Willcutt, E. G., & Pennington, B. F. (2005). Testing hypotheses regarding the causes of comorbidity: examining the underlying deficits of comorbid disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 346–362. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.3.346.PubMedCrossRef

Rose, A. J. (2002). Co-rumination in the friendships of girls and boys. Child Development, 73, 1830–1843. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00509.PubMedCrossRef

Rose, A. J., Carlson, W., & Waller, E. M. (2007). Prospective associations of co-rumination with friendship and emotional adjustment: considering the socioemotional trade-offs of co-rumination. Developmental Psychology, 43, 1019–1031. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.4.1019.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Rutter, M. (2007). Psychopathological development across adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36, 101–110. doi:10.1007/s10964-006-9125-7.CrossRef

Schoofs, H., Hermans, D., & Raes, F. (2010). Brooding and reflection as subtypes of rumination: evidence from confirmatory factor analysis in nonclinical samples using the Dutch Ruminative Response Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32, 609–617. doi:10.1007/s10862-010-9182-9.CrossRef

Starr, L. R., & Davila, J. (2012). Temporal patterns of anxious and depressed mood in generalized anxiety disorder: a daily diary study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50, 131–141. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.11.005.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Starr, L. R., & Davila, J. (2013). Responding to anxiety with rumination and hopelessness: mechanism of anxiety-depressive symptom co-occurrence? Cognitive Therapy and Research. doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9363-1.

Stein, M. B., Fuetsch, M., Müller, N., Höfler, M., Lieb, R., & Wittchen, H.-U. (2001). Social anxiety disorder and the risk of depression: a prospective community study of adolescents and young adults. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 251–256. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.3.251.PubMedCrossRef

Trew, J. L., & Alden, L. E. (2009). Cognitive specificity and affective confounding in social anxiety: does depression exacerbate judgmental biases? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 23, 231–246. doi:10.1007/s10608-008-9196-8.

Treynor, W., Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003). Rumination reconsidered: a psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27, 247–259. doi:10.1023/A:1023910315561.CrossRef

Watkins, E. R. (2008). Constructive and unconstructive repetitive thought. Psychological Bulletin, 134, 163–206. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.163.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Watkins, E. R. (2009). Depressive rumination and co-morbidity: evidence for brooding as a transdiagnostic process. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 27, 160–175. doi:10.1007/s10942-009-0098-9.CrossRef

Weinstock, L. M., & Whisman, M. A. (2007). Rumination and excessive reassurance-seeking in depression: a cognitive-interpersonal integration. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 30, 333–342. doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9004-2.CrossRef

Widiger, T. A., & Samuel, D. B. (2005). Diagnostic categories of dimensions? a question for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders—fifth edition. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 494–504. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.494.PubMedCrossRef

Wittchen, H.-U., Beesdo, K., Bittner, A., & Goodwin, R. D. (2003). Depressive episodes—evidence for a causal role of primary anxiety disorders? European Psychiatry, 18, 384–393. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2003.10.001.PubMedCrossRef

Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2009). Impact of rumination versus distraction on anxiety and maladaptive self-beliefs in socially anxious individuals. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47, 861–867. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.06.014.PubMedCrossRef

Zung, W. W. K. (1971). A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics, 12, 371–379.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Rumination and Excessive Reassurance Seeking: Mediators of the Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Depression?
Auteurs: DeMond M. Grant
Matt R. Judah
Adam C. Mills
William V. Lechner
Collin L. Davidson
LaRicka R. Wingate
Publicatiedatum: 01-09-2014
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2014
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-013-9399-5

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Rumination and Excessive Reassurance Seeking: Mediators of the Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Depression?

Abstract

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2014

Psychopathy in Bulgaria: The cross-cultural generalizability of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist

Youth’s Responses to Peer Provocation: Links to Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression

Psychopathic Traits, Empathy, and Aggression are Differentially Related to Cortisol Awakening Response

Self-Regulation and Other Executive Functions Relationship to Pediatric OCD Severity and Treatment Outcome

Negative Life Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Incarcerated Boys with Callous-Unemotional Traits

The Influence of Clinical Experience and Assessment Method on the Evaluation of Child Behavior Change

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Psychopathy in Bulgaria: The cross-cultural generalizability of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist

Youth’s Responses to Peer Provocation: Links to Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression

Psychopathic Traits, Empathy, and Aggression are Differentially Related to Cortisol Awakening Response

Self-Regulation and Other Executive Functions Relationship to Pediatric OCD Severity and Treatment Outcome

Negative Life Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Incarcerated Boys with Callous-Unemotional Traits

The Influence of Clinical Experience and Assessment Method on the Evaluation of Child Behavior Change