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16-03-2024 | Brief Report

Task Control in the Affordance Task as the Underlying Mechanism for the Imbalance Between the Goal-Directed and Habit Formation Systems in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

Auteurs: Hadar Naftalovich, Dan Sacks, Eldad Keha, Eyal Kalanthroff

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 4/2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives

The habit formation model of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) suggests that overreliance on stimulus-driven behaviors leads to repetitive compulsive rituals. Failure in task control, which leads to the stimulus-driven behaviors overriding the goal-driven system, could explain the mechanisms involved in this process.

Methods

Patients with OCD and non-psychiatric controls completed the affordance task to understand the role of task control in maintaining compulsive behaviors. In the affordance task, participants are required to respond to a stimulus with one hand, while the stimulus on screen triggers a motor activation in either the congruent (same) or incongruent (other) hand. The affordance effect (accuracy for incongruent minus congruent trials) measures task control—the ability to suppress irrelevant, stimulus-driven, behaviors.

Results

The affordance effect was larger in the OCD group, indicating a deficit in task control in those patients. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression analysis, using the affordances effect as a predictor and group as the outcome variable, revealed that the affordance effect correctly classified about 65% of the individuals with OCD compared to the non-psychiatric controls. The correlation between the affordance effect and OCD symptom-severity was not significant.

Limitations

Handedness was assessed through self-report and OCD symptoms were mild–moderate.

Conclusions

These findings strengthen the notion that task control deficits might account for the imbalance between the goal-directed and habit formation systems and that this deficit might be a risk factor for OCD but does not account for symptom-severity.

vorige artikel Altered Neural Activity during Negative Reinforcement in People with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

volgende artikel Pilot Study Dismantling the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy: Identifying the Active Ingredients

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Titel: Task Control in the Affordance Task as the Underlying Mechanism for the Imbalance Between the Goal-Directed and Habit Formation Systems in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Auteurs: Hadar Naftalovich
Dan Sacks
Eldad Keha
Eyal Kalanthroff
Publicatiedatum: 16-03-2024
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 4/2024
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-024-10469-x

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Task Control in the Affordance Task as the Underlying Mechanism for the Imbalance Between the Goal-Directed and Habit Formation Systems in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

Abstract

Background and Objectives

Methods

Results

Limitations

Conclusions

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Relationship Between Interpersonal Emotion Regulation and Social Support and Their Effects on Depressive Symptoms in Korean Emerging Adults

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Therapeutic Potential of Embodied Cognition for Clinical Psychotherapies: From Theory to Practice

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Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Abstract

Background and Objectives

Methods

Results

Limitations

Conclusions

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Negativity is Key for Understanding the Interplay Between Rumination’s Features, Attention Control, and Their Dynamic Nature: A Temporal Network Approach

Relationship Between Interpersonal Emotion Regulation and Social Support and Their Effects on Depressive Symptoms in Korean Emerging Adults

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