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Gepubliceerd in:

01-07-2012

Gehechtheid en somatisatie

Auteurs: C. G. KOOIMAN, J. A. KOELEN

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie | Uitgave 4/2012

Samenvatting

Theoretisch is een sterk verband aannemelijk tussen onveilige gehechtheid en somatisch onbegrepen lichamelijke klachten (SOLK), waarbij de samenhang verklaard zou kunnen worden door beperkingen in het vermogen te mentaliseren, door een verhoogde reactiviteit van het autonoom zenuwstelsel (ANS) gepaard gaande met een verhoogde perceptie van lichamelijke sensaties en door het bij somatisatie passend abnormaal ziektegedrag. In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de resultaten van empirische studies waarin bovengenoemde theoretische verbanden werden onderzocht. Een van de belangrijkste conclusies van dat overzicht is dat er nog weinig onderzoek is gedaan naar de associatie tussen (onveilige) gehechtheid en somatisatie. Uit de beperkt beschikbare literatuur blijkt dat onveilige gehechtheid frequent voorkomt bij patiënten met een somatoforme stoornis, maar onveilige gehechtheid blijkt een voldoende, noch een noodzakelijke voorwaarde te zijn voor de ontwikkeling van SOLK. Verder blijkt onveilige gehechtheid inderdaad geassocieerd te zijn met vormen van verminderde mentalisatie (vooral alexithymie), met een verhoogde activiteit van het ANS en met problematisch ziektegedrag. Om het verband tussen gehechtheidsstijl en somatisatie beter te kunnen begrijpen, is er behoefte aan onderzoek waarin de samenhang tussen gehechtheidsstijl, mentaliseren, reactiviteit van het autonoom zenuwstelsel en/of medische consumptie met maten voor somatisatie gelijktijdig worden onderzocht.

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De percentages drukken telkens het 95%-betrouwbaarheidsinterval uit van de prevalentie van onveilige gehechtheid in de onderzochte steekproef.

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Titel: Gehechtheid en somatisatie
Auteurs: C. G. KOOIMAN
J. A. KOELEN
Publicatiedatum: 01-07-2012
Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie / Uitgave 4/2012
Print ISSN: 0165-1188
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5637
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12485-012-0030-0

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