Top

Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Gepubliceerd in:

16-07-2024

Not All Individuals Who Encounter Stressful Life Events Experience Mental Distress: The Predictive Ability of Rumination, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Social Support, and Stressful Life Events on Mental Distress

Auteurs: Peter Baker, Mohammad Seydavi, Mehdi Akbari, Marcantonio M. Spada, Daniel C. Kolubinski

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy | Uitgave 4/2024

Abstract

There is a common belief that experiencing stressful life events can lead to mental distress. However, we wanted to explore whether all individuals who encounter SLEs will also experience mental distress. Also, we were curious to explore the contribution of social and individual characteristics in the prediction of mental distress above or beyond SLEs. The current study investigated if rumination, extraversion, perceived social support, stressful life events, and neuroticism can predict levels of mental distress independently from one another. A sample of 183 university students was recruited, and questionnaires on neuroticism, extraversion, rumination, perceived social support, and stressful life events were completed. A regression analysis was conducted to test whether these variables can predict levels of mental distress. Not all participants who experienced stressful life events would experience mental distress. Also, regression analysis revealed that stressful life events, social support, neuroticism, and rumination all independently predicted levels of mental distress when controlling for age and levels of extraversion. The present study sheds light on how various internal factors, such as neuroticism and rumination, and external factors, such as stressful life events and social support, may and may not contribute to mental distress.

vorige artikel When the Dark Employee Takes an Irrational Turn: Exploring the Intersection of Dark Personality Traits and Work-Related Beliefs

volgende artikel Exploring the Resistance Factors within Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Strategies to Overcome them among Therapist: An Exploratory Study

Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Babaeifard, M., Firoozabadi, M. A., Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M. (2023). Psychometric properties and psychological correlates of the COVID-19 anxiety syndrome scale: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 30(5), 931–949. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2861CrossRef

Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Rowhani, N. S., & Nouri, N. (2022). Psychological predictors of treatment adherence among patients with diabetes (types I and II): Modified information–motivation–behavioural skills model. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 29(6), 1854–1866. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2746CrossRef

Allam, Z. (2011). Stressful life events, vulnerable to stress and depression among Eritrean high school students. IFE Psychologia, 19(2), 380–393. https://doi.org/10.4314/ifep.v19i2.69583CrossRef

Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., Hogan, M. E., Whitehouse, W. G., Rose, D. T., Robinson, M. S., & Lapkin, J. B. (2000). The Temple-Wisconsin cognitive vulnerability to depression project: Lifetime history of Axis I psychopathology in individuals at high and low cognitive risk for depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(3), 403–418. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.109.3.403CrossRefPubMed

Antaramian, S. (2014). Assessing psychological symptoms and well-being: Application of a dual-factor mental health model to understand college student performance. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 33(5), 419–429. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282914557727CrossRef

Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the depression anxiety stress scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2), 176–181. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.176CrossRef

Anusic, I., Yap, S., & Lucas, R. (2014). Does personality moderate reaction and adaptation to major life events? Analysis of life satisfaction and affect in an Australian national sample. Journal of Research in Personality, 51, 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2014.04.009CrossRef

Assari, S., & Lankarani, M. (2015). Association between stressful life events and depression; intersection of race and gender. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 3(2), 349–356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-015-0160-5CrossRefPubMed

Barlow, D. H., Durand, V. M., Hofmann, S. G., & Lalumiere, M. L. (2020). Abnormal psychology: An integrative approach. Nelson Education.

Beiter, R., Nash, R., Mccrady, M., Rhoades, D., Linscomb, M., Clarahan, M., & Sammut, S. (2015). The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students. Journal of Affective Disorders, 173, 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054CrossRefPubMed

Bore, M., Pittolo, C., Kirby, D., Dluzewska, T., & Marlin, S. (2016). Predictors of psychological distress and well-being in a sample of Australian undergraduate students. Higher Education Research & Development, 35(5), 869–880. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2016.1138452CrossRef

Borja, S. E., Callahan, J. L., & Rambo, P. L. (2009). Understanding negative outcomes following traumatic exposure: The roles of neuroticism and social support. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 1(2), 118.CrossRef

Bostani, M., Nadri, A., & Nasab, A. (2014). A study of the relation between mental health and academic performance of students of the Islamic Azad University Ahvaz branch. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 163–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.186CrossRef

Bottesi, G., Ghisi, M., Altoè, G., Conforti, E., Melli, G., & Sica, C. (2015). The Italian version of the depression anxiety stress scales-21: factor structure and psychometric properties on community and clinical samples. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 60, 170–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.04.005CrossRefPubMed

Bowen, K., Uchino, B., Birmingham, W., Carlisle, M., Smith, T., & Light, K. (2014). The stress-buffering effects of functional social support on ambulatory blood pressure. Health Psychology, 33(11), 1440–1443. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000005CrossRefPubMed

Brosschot, J., Gerin, W., & Thayer, J. (2006). The perseverative cognition hypothesis: A review of worry, prolonged stress-related physiological activation, and health. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60(2), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.06.074CrossRefPubMed

Brown, J. S. (2018). Student mental health: Some answers and more questions. Journal of Mental Health, 27(3), 193–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2018.1470319CrossRefPubMed

Brown, S., Brown, R., House, J., & Smith, D. (2008). Coping with spousal loss: Potential buffering effects of self-reported helping behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(6), 849–861. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208314972CrossRefPubMed

Bucher, M., Suzuki, T., & Samuel, D. (2019). A meta-analytic review of personality traits and their associations with mental health treatment outcomes. Clinical Psychology Review, 70, 51–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.04.002CrossRefPubMed

Bukhari, S. R., & Afzal, F. (2017). Perceived social support predicts psychological problems among university students. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 4(2), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.25215/0402.082CrossRef

Butler, A., Chapman, J., Forman, E., & Beck, A. (2006). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003CrossRefPubMed

Calvete, E., & Connor-Smith, J. (2006). Perceived social support, coping, and symptoms of distress in American and Spanish students. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 19(1), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800500472963CrossRef

Chan, S., Miranda, R., & Surrence, K. (2009). Subtypes of rumination in the relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation. Archives of Suicide Research, 13(2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811110902835015CrossRefPubMed

Chen, X., Pu, J., Shi, W., & Zhou, Y. (2017). The impact of neuroticism on symptoms of anxiety and depression in elderly adults: The mediating role of rumination. Current Psychology, 39(1), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9740-3CrossRef

Cleary, M., Walter, G., & Jackson, D. (2011). Not always smooth sailing: Mental health issues associated with the transition from high school to College. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 32(4), 250–254. https://doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2010.548906CrossRefPubMed

Cohen, S., & McKay, G. (1987). Social support, stress and the buffering hypothesis: A theoretical analysis. In A. Baum & J. E. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of psychology and health: Stress. (Vol. 5). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.

Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, G. D., & Walker, R. R. (1991). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support: A confirmation study. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47(6), 756–761. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199111)47:63.0.co;2-lCrossRefPubMed

De Zwart, P., Jeronimus, B., & de Jonge, P. (2018). Empirical evidence for definitions of episode, remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence in depression: A systematic review. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 28(5), 544–562. https://doi.org/10.1017/s2045796018000227CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Deasy, C., Coughlan, B., Pironom, J., Jourdan, D., & Mannix-McNamara, P. (2016). Psychological distress and help seeking amongst higher education students: Findings from a mixed method study of undergraduate nursing/midwifery and teacher education students in Ireland. Irish Educational Studies, 35(2), 175–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/03323315.2016.1146157CrossRef

Ege, E., Timur, S., Zincir, H., Geçkil, E., & Sunar-Reeder, B. (2008). Social support and symptoms of postpartum depression among new mothers in Eastern Turkey. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 34(4), 585–593. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008.00718.xCrossRefPubMed

Enns, M. W., & Cox, B. J. (1997). Personality dimensions and depression: Review and commentary. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 274–284. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674379704200305CrossRefPubMed

Erdur-Baker, Ö., & Bugay, A. (2010). The short version of ruminative response scale: Reliability, validity and its relation to psychological symptoms. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 2178–2181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.433CrossRef

Evans, T. M., Bira, L., Gastelum, J. B., Weiss, L. T., & Vanderford, N. L. (2018). Evidence for a mental health crisis in graduate education. Nature Biotechnology, 36(3), 282–284. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.4089CrossRefPubMed

Eysenck, H. J. (1967). The biological basis of personality. Thomas.

Flouri, E., & Kallis, C. (2011). Adverse life events and mental health in middle adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 34(2), 371–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.04.001CrossRefPubMed

Flynn, M., Kecmanovic, J., & Alloy, L. (2010). An examination of integrated cognitive-interpersonal vulnerability to depression: The role of rumination, perceived social support, and interpersonal stress generation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(5), 456–466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-010-9300-8CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Gerst, M. S., Grant, l, Yager, J., & Sweetwood, H. (1978). The reliability of the social readjustment rating scale: Moderate and long-term stability. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 22(6), 519–523.CrossRefPubMed

Geurts, S. A., & Sonnentag, S. (2006). Recovery as an explanatory mechanism in the relation between acute stress reactions and chronic health impairment. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 32(6), 482–492.CrossRef

Goldstein, B., Perlman, G., Eaton, N., Kotov, R., & Klein, D. (2020). Testing explanatory models of the interplay between depression, neuroticism, and stressful life events: A dynamic trait-stress generation approach. Psychological Medicine, 50(16), 2780–2789. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719002927CrossRefPubMed

Griffith, J., Zinbarg, R., Craske, M., Mineka, S., Rose, R., Waters, A., & Sutton, J. (2010). Neuroticism as a common dimension in the internalizing disorders. Psychological Medicine, 40(7), 1125–1136. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709991449CrossRefPubMed

Gunthert, K. C., Cohen, L. H., & Armeli, S. (1999). The role of neuroticism in daily stress and coping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 1087–1100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.1087CrossRefPubMed

Hakulinen, C., Elovainio, M., Pulkki-Råback, L., Virtanen, M., Kivimäki, M., & Jokela, M. (2015). Personality and depressive symptoms: Individual participant meta-analysis of 10 cohort studies. Depression and Anxiety, 32(7), 461–470. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22376CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hamesch, U., Cropley, M., & Lang, J. (2014). Emotional versus cognitive rumination: Are they differentially affecting long-term psychological health? The impact of stressors and personality in dental students. Stress and Health, 30(3), 222–231. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2602CrossRefPubMed

Han, W., Siegel, J., & Zhang, L. (2017). The response to rural-to-urban migration and other life stressors in Shanghai: Effects on physical and psychological well-being among parents of young children. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 8(3), 248–258. https://doi.org/10.1037/aap0000083CrossRef

Hansell, N., Wright, M., Medland, S., Davenport, T., Wray, N., Martin, N., & Hickie, I. (2012). Genetic co-morbidity between neuroticism, anxiety/depression and somatic distress in a population sample of adolescent and young adult twins. Psychological Medicine, 42(6), 1249–1260. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711002431CrossRefPubMed

Hayes, A. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press.

Headey, B., & Wearing, A. (1989). Personality, life events, and subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(4), 731–739. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.4.731CrossRef

Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short-form version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(2), 227–239. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466505x29657CrossRefPubMed

Hernández-Torrano, D., Ibrayeva, L., Sparks, J., Lim, N., Clementi, A., Almukhambetova, A., & Muratkyzy, A. (2020). Mental health and well-being of university students: A bibliometric mapping of the literature. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01226CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hobfoll, S., & Walfisch, S. (1986). Stressful events, mastery, and depression: An evaluation of crisis theory. Journal of Community Psychology, 14(2), 183–195. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(198604)14:2%3c183::aid-jcop2290140209%3e3.0.co;2-qCrossRef

Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11(2), 213–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(67)90010-4CrossRefPubMed

Ioannou, M., Kassianos, A., & Symeou, M. (2019). Coping with depressive symptoms in young adults: Perceived social support protects against depressive symptoms only under moderate levels of stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2780. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02780CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Juruena, M. F., Eror, F., Cleare, A. J., & Young, A. H. (2020). The role of early life stress in HPA axis and anxiety. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1191, 141–153. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_9CrossRefPubMed

Kendler, K., Karkowski, L., & Prescott, C. (1999). Causal relationship between stressful life events and the onset of major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(6), 837–841. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.837CrossRefPubMed

Kendler, K., Kuhn, J., & Prescott, C. (2004). The interrelationship of neuroticism, sex, and stressful life events in the prediction of episodes of major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(4), 631–636. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.4.631CrossRefPubMed

Kendler, K. S., Myers, J., & Dick, D. (2015). The stability and predictors of peer group deviance in university students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50(9), 1463–1470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1031-4CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kessler, R. C., Amminger, G. P., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Lee, S., & Bedirhan, T. (2007). Age of onset of mental disorders: A review of recent literature. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 20(4), 359–364. https://doi.org/10.1097/yco.0b013e32816ebc8cCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kim, S., & You, M. (2019). An empirical analysis of delayed monthly bill payments as an early risk factor of increased suicidal behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(16), 2929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162929CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lahey, B. (2009). Public health significance of neuroticism. American Psychologist, 64(4), 241–256. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015309CrossRefPubMed

Lazarus, R. S. (1999). Stress and emotion. A new synthesis. Free Association Books Ltd.

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer.

Lazarus, R., & Folkman, S. (1987). Transactional theory and research on emotions and coping. European Journal of Personality, 1(3), 141–169. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410010304CrossRef

Lebois, L., Hertzog, C., Slavich, G., Barrett, L., & Barsalou, L. (2016). Establishing the situated features associated with perceived stress. Acta Psychologica, 169, 119–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.05.012CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lee, J., Lee, E. H., & Moon, S. H. (2019). Systematic review of the measurement properties of the depression anxiety stress scales-21 by applying updated COSMIN methodology. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care, and Rehabilitation, 28(9), 2325–2339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02177-xCrossRefPubMed

Lie, S. Ø., Bulik, C. M., Andreassen, O. A., Rø, Ø., & Bang, L. (2021). Stressful life events among individuals with a history of eating disorders: A case-control comparison. BMC Psychiatry, 21(1), 501. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03499-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lovibond, P., & Lovibond, S. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) with the beck depression and anxiety inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-uCrossRefPubMed

Lu, F., Yang, W., Zhang, Q., & Qiu, J. (2017). Thought control ability is different from rumination in explaining the association between neuroticism and depression: A three-study replication. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 838. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00838CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lyubomirsky, S., Layous, K., Chancellor, J., & Nelson, S. (2015). Thinking about rumination: The scholarly contributions and intellectual legacy of Susan Nolen-Hoeksema. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 11(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112733CrossRefPubMed

Mansueto, G., Carrozzino, D., Christensen, K. S., Patierno, C., & Cosci, F. (2023). Clinimetric properties of the 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scales (DASS-21). Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 11(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.13129/2282-1619/mjcp-3795CrossRef

Mansueto, G., & Faravelli, C. (2017). Recent life events and psychosis: The role of childhood adversities. Psychiatry Research, 256, 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.042CrossRefPubMed

Mansueto, G., & Faravelli, C. (2022). Stressful life events and psychosis: Gender differences. Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 38(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3067CrossRefPubMed

Mansueto, G., Jarach, A., Caselli, G., Ruggiero, G. M., Sassaroli, S., Nikčević, A., Spada, M. M., & Palmieri, S. (2024). A systematic review of the relationship between generic and specific metacognitive beliefs and emotion dysregulation: A metacognitive model of emotion dysregulation. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 31(1), e2961. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2961CrossRef

Mansueto, G., Marino, C., Palmieri, S., Offredi, A., Sarracino, D., Sassaroli, S., Ruggiero, G. M., Spada, M. M., & Caselli, G. (2022). Difficulties in emotion regulation: The role of repetitive negative thinking and metacognitive beliefs. Journal of Affective Disorders, 308, 473–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.086CrossRefPubMed

Marroquín, B., Fontes, M., Scilletta, A., & Miranda, R. (2010). Ruminative subtypes and coping responses: Active and passive pathways to depressive symptoms. Cognition & Emotion, 24(8), 1446–1455. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930903510212CrossRef

Martin, P., & Daniels, F. (2014). Application of Lazarus’s Cognitive Transactional Model of stress-appraisal-coping in an undergraduate mental health nursing programme in the Western Cape, South Africa. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 1(2), 513–522.

McCabe, K. O., & Fleeson, W. (2012). What Is extraversion for? Integrating trait and motivational perspectives and identifying the purpose of extraversion. Psychological Science, 23(12), 1498–1505. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612444904CrossRefPubMed

McLafferty, M., Lapsley, C. R., Ennis, E., Armour, C., Murphy, S., Bunting, B. P., & O’Neill, S. M. (2017). Mental health, behavioural problems and treatment seeking among students commencing university in Northern Ireland. PLoS ONE, 12(12), e0188785. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188785CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

McLaughlin, K., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2011). Rumination as a transdiagnostic factor in depression and anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49(3), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2010.12.006CrossRefPubMed

Mei, X., Wang, H., Wang, X., Wu, X., Wu, J., & Ye, Z. (2022). Associations among neuroticism, self-efficacy, resilience and psychological distress in freshman nursing students: A cross-sectional study in China. British Medical Journal Open, 12(6), e059704. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059704CrossRef

Melrose, K., Brown, G., & Wood, A. (2015). When is received social support related to perceived support and wellbeing? When it is needed. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.047CrossRef

Michl, L., McLaughlin, K., Shepherd, K., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2013). Rumination as a mechanism linking stressful life events to symptoms of depression and anxiety: Longitudinal evidence in early adolescents and adults. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 122(2), 339–352. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031994CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mikolajczyk, R., Maxwell, A., Naydenova, V., Meier, S., & El Ansari, W. (2008). Depressive symptoms and perceived burdens related to being a student: Survey in three European countries. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-19CrossRef

Miloseva, L., Vukosavljevic-Gvozden, T., Richter, K., Milosev, V., & Niklewski, G. (2017). Perceived social support as a moderator between negative life events and depression in adolescence: Implications for prediction and targeted prevention. EPMA Journal, 8(3), 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13167-017-0095-5CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Moberly, N., & Watkins, E. (2008). Ruminative self-focus, negative life events, and negative affect. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46(9), 1034–1039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2008.06.004CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Morrison, R., & O’Connor, R. C. (2005). Predicting psychological distress in college students: The role of rumination and stress. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(4), 447–460. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20021CrossRefPubMed

Murayama, K., Nakao, T., Ohno, A., Tsuruta, S., Tomiyama, H., Hasuzawa, S., Mizobe, T., Kato, K., & Kanba, S. (2020). Impacts of stressful life events and traumatic experiences on onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 561266. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561266CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Muris, P., Roelofs, J., Rassin, E., Franken, I., & Mayer, B. (2005). Mediating effects of rumination and worry on the links between neuroticism, anxiety and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(6), 1105–1111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.04.005CrossRef

Negash, A., Khan, M., Medhin, G., Wondimagegn, D., & Araya, M. (2020). Mental distress, perceived need, and barriers to receive professional mental health care among university students in Ethiopia. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02602-3CrossRef

Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 569–582. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.100.4.569CrossRefPubMed

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Morrow, J. (1991). A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(1), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.115CrossRefPubMed

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400–424. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.xCrossRefPubMed

Palmieri, S., Sassaroli, S., Ruggiero, G. M., Caselli, G., Spada, M. M., & Mansueto, G. (2023). Emotion dysregulation in patients with eating disorders: The role of metacognitions and repetitive negative thinking. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 47(4), 655–668. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-023-10398-1CrossRef

Park, J., Kitayama, S., Karasawa, M., Curhan, K., Markus, H. R., Kawakami, N., & Ryff, C. D. (2013). Clarifying the links between social support and health: Culture, stress, and neuroticism matter. Journal of Health Psychology, 18(2), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105312439731CrossRefPubMed

Pasyugina, I., Koval, P., De Leersnyder, J., Mesquita, B., & Kuppens, P. (2014). Distinguishing between level and impact of rumination as predictors of depressive symptoms: An experience sampling study. Cognition and Emotion, 29(4), 736–746. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.932755CrossRefPubMed

Paykel, E. S. (1982). Life events and early environment. In E. S. Paykel (Ed.), Handbook of affective disorders (pp. 146–161). Churchill Livingstone.

Paykel, E. (2001). The evolution of life events research in psychiatry. Journal of Affective Disorders, 62(3), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(00)00174-9CrossRefPubMed

Pettit, J., Roberts, R., Lewinsohn, P., Seeley, J., & Yaroslavsky, I. (2011). Developmental relations between perceived social support and depressive symptoms through emerging adulthood: Blood is thicker than water. Journal of Family Psychology, 25(1), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022320CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Pidgeon, A. M., Coast, G., Coast, G., Coast, G., & Coast, G. (2014). Examining characteristics of resilience among university students: An international study. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2(11), 14. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2014.211003CrossRef

Pillai, V., Steenburg, L., Ciesla, J., Roth, T., & Drake, C. (2014). A seven day actigraphy-based study of rumination and sleep disturbance among young adults with depressive symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 77(1), 70–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.05.004CrossRefPubMed

Puterman, E., DeLongis, A., & Pomaki, G. (2010). Protecting us from ourselves: Social support as a buffer of trait and state rumination. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(7), 797–820. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2010.29.7.797CrossRef

Querstret, D., & Cropley, M. (2013). Assessing treatments used to reduce rumination and/or worry: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(8), 996–1009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.08.004CrossRefPubMed

Riese, H., Snieder, H., Jeronimus, B., Korhonen, T., Rose, R., Kaprio, J., & Ormel, J. (2013). Timing of stressful life events affects stability and change of neuroticism. European Journal of Personality, 28(2), 193–200. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.1929CrossRef

Ronen, T., Hamama, L., Rosenbaum, M., & Mishely-Yarlap, A. (2016). Subjective well-being in adolescence: The role of self-control, social support, age, gender, and familial crisis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(1), 81–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-014-9585-5CrossRef

Ross, A., Kelly, Y., & Sacker, A. (2017). Time trends in mental well-being: The polarisation of young people’s psychological distress. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 52(9), 1147–1158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-017-1419-4CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ruscio, A., Gentes, E., Jones, J., Hallion, L., Coleman, E., & Swendsen, J. (2015). Rumination predicts heightened responding to stressful life events in major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000025CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sato, T. (2005). The Eysenck personality questionnaire brief version: Factor structure and reliability. The Journal of Psychology, 139(6), 545–552. https://doi.org/10.3200/jrlp.139.6.545-552CrossRefPubMed

Schmidt, L. I., Sieverding, M., Scheiter, F., & Obergfell, J. (2013). Predicting and explaining students’ stress with the demand-control model: Does neuroticism also matter? Educational Psychology, 35(4), 449–465. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2013.857010CrossRef

Schneider, T., Rench, T., Lyons, J., & Riffle, R. (2011). The influence of neuroticism, extraversion, and openness on stress responses. Stress and Health, 28(2), 102–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1409CrossRefPubMed

Shields, G., & Slavich, G. (2017). Lifetime stress exposure and health: A review of contemporary assessment methods and biological mechanisms. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 11(8), e12335. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12335CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sinclair, S. J., Siefert, C. J., Slavin-Mulford, J. M., Stein, M. B., Renna, M., & Blais, M. A. (2011). Psychometric evaluation and normative data for the depression, anxiety, and stress scales-21 (DASS-21) in a nonclinical sample of US adults. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 35(3), 259–279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163278711424282CrossRef

Skomorovsky, A. (2014). Deployment stress and well-being among military spouses: The role of social support. Military Psychology, 26(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1037/mil0000029CrossRef

Slavish, D., Sliwinski, M., Smyth, J., Almeida, D., Lipton, R., Katz, M., & Graham-Engeland, J. (2018). Neuroticism, rumination, negative affect, and sleep: Examining between- and within-person associations. Personality and Individual Differences, 123, 217–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.11.023CrossRefPubMed

Smillie, L. D., Kern, M. L., & Uljarevic, M. (2018). Description, development, and mechanisms. Handbook of personality development, 118–136.

Smith, J., & Alloy, L. (2009). A roadmap to rumination: A review of the definition, assessment, and conceptualization of this multifaceted construct. Clinical Psychology Review, 29(2), 116–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2008.10.003CrossRefPubMed

Sokratous, S., Merkouris, A., Middleton, N., & Karanikola, M. (2013). The association between stressful life events and depressive symptoms among Cypriot university students: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-1121CrossRef

Spinhoven, P., Elzinga, B., Hovens, J., Roelofs, K., van Oppen, P., Zitman, F., & Penninx, B. (2011). Positive and negative life events and personality traits in predicting the course of depression and anxiety. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 124(6), 462–473. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01753.xCrossRefPubMed

Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: A comparison with general population data. Australian Psychologist, 45(4), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2010.482109CrossRef

Stallman, H. M., & Hurst, C. P. (2016). The university stress scale: Measuring domains and extent of stress in university students. Australian Psychologist, 51(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12127CrossRef

Swickert, R. J., Rosentreter, C. J., Hittner, J. B., & Mushrush, J. E. (2002). Extraversion, social support processes, and stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 32(5), 877–891. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00093-9CrossRef

Taylor, S. (2011). Social support: A review. In H. Friedman (Ed.), Oxford handbook of health psychology (pp. 189–214). Oxford University Press.

Tennant, C. (2002). Life events, stress, and depression: A review of recent findings. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 36(2), 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01007.xCrossRefPubMed

Thanoi, W., & Klainin-Yobas, P. (2015). Assessing rumination response style among undergraduate nursing students: A construct validation study. Nurse Education Today, 35(5), 641–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.01.001CrossRefPubMed

Thoits, P. (2010). Stress and health: Major findings and policy implications. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(1), 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146510383499CrossRef

Treynor, W., Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003). Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27(3), 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1023910315561CrossRef

Turner, L., & McLaren, S. (2011). Social support and sense of belonging as protective factors in the rumination-depressive symptoms relation among Australian women. Women & Health, 51(2), 151–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2011.558004CrossRef

Turner, R., & Brown, R. (2009). Social support and mental health. In T. Scheid & E. Wright (Eds.), A handbook for the study of mental health social contexts, theories, and systems (2nd ed., pp. 200–212). Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

UCAS Analysis and Research. (2014). UK application rates by country, region, sex, age and background. Available from: https://www.ucas.com/corporate/data-and-analysis/ucas-undergraduate-releases/ucasundergraduate-analysis-reports

Uliaszek, A., Zinbarg, R., Mineka, S., Craske, M., Sutton, J., Griffith, J., et al. (2010). The role of neuroticism and extraversion in the stress–anxiety and stress–depression relationships. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 23(4), 363–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800903377264CrossRef

Van der Veen, D., van Dijk, S., Comijs, H., van Zelst, W., Schoevers, R., & Oude Voshaar, R. (2016). The importance of personality and life-events in anxious depression: From trait to state anxiety. Aging & Mental Health, 21(11), 1177–1183. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2016.1202894CrossRef

Vélez, C., Krause, E., McKinnon, A., Brunwasser, S., Freres, D., Abenavoli, R., & Gillham, J. (2016). Social support seeking and early adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 36(8), 1118–1143. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431615594460CrossRefPubMed

Verger, P., Combes, J., Kovess-Masfety, V., Choquet, M., Guagliardo, V., Rouillon, F., & Peretti-Wattel, P. (2009). Psychological distress in first year university students: Socioeconomic and academic stressors, mastery and social support in young men and women. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44(8), 643–650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-008-0486-yCrossRefPubMed

Verschoor, E., & Markus, C. (2011). Effects of acute psychosocial stress exposure on endocrine and affective reactivity in college students differing in the 5-HTTLPR genotype and trait neuroticism. Stress, 14(4), 407–419. https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2010.548886CrossRefPubMed

Vinkers, C. H., Joëls, M., Milaneschi, Y., Kahn, R. S., Penninx, B. W., & Boks, M. P. (2014). Stress exposure across the life span cumulatively increases depression risk and is moderated by neuroticism. Depression and Anxiety, 31(9), 737–745.CrossRefPubMed

Wang, P., Kelifa, M. O., Yu, B., & Yang, Y. (2022). Classes of childhood adversities and their associations to the mental health of college undergraduates: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 26(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-021-00993-7CrossRef

Wang, S., Jing, H., Chen, L., & Li, Y. (2020). The Influence of negative life events on suicidal ideation in college students: The role of rumination. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2646. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082646CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wells, A. (2009). Metacognitive therapy for anxiety and depression. Guilford Press.

Wijbenga, L., Reijneveld, S. A., Almansa, J., Korevaar, E. L., Hofstra, J., & de Winter, A. F. (2022). Trajectories of stressful life events and long-term changes in mental health outcomes moderated by family functioning? the TRAILS study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 16(1), 106. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-022-00544-0CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wrench, A., Garrett, R., & King, S. (2014). Managing health and well-being: Student experiences in transitioning to higher education. Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education, 5(2), 151–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/18377122.2014.906059CrossRef

Yap, S., Anusic, I., & Lucas, R. (2012). Does personality moderate reaction and adaptation to major life events? Evidence from the British household panel survey. Journal of Research in Personality, 46(5), 477–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2012.05.005CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Yilidiz, M. (2020). Stressful life events and adolescent suicidality: An investigation of the mediating mechanisms. Journal of Adolescence, 82, 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.05.006CrossRef

Zhang, R. (2017). The stress-buffering effect of self-disclosure on facebook: An examination of stressful life events, social support, and mental health among college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 527–537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.043CrossRef

Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). Multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1037/t02380-000CrossRef

Zimet, G., Powell, S., Farley, G., Werkman, S., & Berkoff, K. (1990). Psychometric characteristics of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55(3), 610–617.CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Not All Individuals Who Encounter Stressful Life Events Experience Mental Distress: The Predictive Ability of Rumination, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Social Support, and Stressful Life Events on Mental Distress
Auteurs: Peter Baker
Mohammad Seydavi
Mehdi Akbari
Marcantonio M. Spada
Daniel C. Kolubinski
Publicatiedatum: 16-07-2024
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy / Uitgave 4/2024
Print ISSN: 0894-9085
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6563
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-024-00559-w

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2024

Mediating Effects of Resilience Between Mindfulness, Self-compassion, and Psychological Distress in a Longitudinal Study

Open Access

Metacognitive Awareness as the Predictor of Positive Self-Critical Rumination, Personal Best Goals (PBs), and Language Achievement

When the Dark Employee Takes an Irrational Turn: Exploring the Intersection of Dark Personality Traits and Work-Related Beliefs

Open Access

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Not All Individuals Who Encounter Stressful Life Events Experience Mental Distress: The Predictive Ability of Rumination, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Social Support, and Stressful Life Events on Mental Distress

Abstract

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2024

Mediating Effects of Resilience Between Mindfulness, Self-compassion, and Psychological Distress in a Longitudinal Study

Metacognitive Awareness as the Predictor of Positive Self-Critical Rumination, Personal Best Goals (PBs), and Language Achievement

When the Dark Employee Takes an Irrational Turn: Exploring the Intersection of Dark Personality Traits and Work-Related Beliefs

A Study on the Determinants of Undergraduates’ Procrastination: Social Addiction, Negative Emotion as Mediators and Mindfulness as Moderator

Exploring the Resistance Factors within Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Strategies to Overcome them among Therapist: An Exploratory Study

The Impact of COVID-19 on Psychological Adjustment Problems: The Mediating Roles of Meaning in Life and Resilience

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Mediating Effects of Resilience Between Mindfulness, Self-compassion, and Psychological Distress in a Longitudinal Study

Metacognitive Awareness as the Predictor of Positive Self-Critical Rumination, Personal Best Goals (PBs), and Language Achievement

When the Dark Employee Takes an Irrational Turn: Exploring the Intersection of Dark Personality Traits and Work-Related Beliefs

A Study on the Determinants of Undergraduates’ Procrastination: Social Addiction, Negative Emotion as Mediators and Mindfulness as Moderator

Exploring the Resistance Factors within Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Strategies to Overcome them among Therapist: An Exploratory Study

The Impact of COVID-19 on Psychological Adjustment Problems: The Mediating Roles of Meaning in Life and Resilience