Top

Gepubliceerd in:

07-09-2023 | Empirical Research

The Longitudinal Relationship between Parent-Child Attachment and Adolescents’ Gratitude: The Mediating Role of Perceived Parental Communal Strength

Auteurs: Song Li, Junjun Liu, Yangu Pan, Xu Chen

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 12/2023

Abstract

Previous research has found a significant association between parent-child attachment and gratitude, while the directionality of this association and its potential mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the longitudinal associations between parent-child attachment, gratitude, and perceived parental communal strength, which is adolescents’ perception of their parents’ willingness to make sacrifices to provide care and meet their needs. A total of 1348 adolescents and one of their parents (M_age = 12.96, SD = 0.70 years; 51.3% girls) participated in this three-wave study, with a six-month lag. The results of the cross-lagged panel models showed that attachment anxiety and avoidance negatively predicted adolescents’ gratitude after six months. Perceived parental communal strength mediated the longitudinal effects of attachment anxiety and avoidance on gratitude. However, the impact of gratitude on perceived parental communal strength and parent-child attachment was non-significant. The findings suggest that adolescents with insecure parent-child attachment have negative perceptions of their parents, which could contribute to their lack of gratitude. Adolescents’ negative perceptions of their parents are crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying the lack of gratitude observed in adolescents with insecure parent-child attachment.

vorige artikel When is Solitude Maladaptive for Adolescents? A Comprehensive Study of Sociability and Characteristics of Solitude

volgende artikel Xiangyu Tao Receives Emerging Scholar Best Article Award, 2023

Algoe, S. B. (2012). Find, remind, and bind: the functions of gratitude in everyday relationships. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(6), 455–469. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00439.x.CrossRef

Algoe, S. B., & Zhaoyang, R. (2016). Positive psychology in context: effects of expressing gratitude in ongoing relationships depend on perceptions of enactor responsiveness. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11(4), 399–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1117131.CrossRefPubMed

Alkozei, A., Smith, R., & Killgore, W. D. (2018). Gratitude and subjective wellbeing: a proposal of two causal frameworks. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(5), 1519–1542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9870-1.CrossRef

Arriaga, X. B., Kumashiro, M., Simpson, J. A., & Overall, N. C. (2018). Revising working models across time: relationship situations that enhance attachment security. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 22(1), 71–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868317705257.CrossRefPubMed

Beier, J. S., Gross, J. T., Brett, B. E., Stern, J. A., Martin, D. R., & Cassidy, J. (2019). Helping, sharing, and comforting in young children: links to individual differences in attachment. Child Development, 90(2), 273–289. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13100.CrossRef

Boldt, L. J., Kochanska, G., Grekin, R., & Brock, R. L. (2016). Attachment in middle childhood: predictors, correlates, and implications for adaptation. Attachment & Human Development, 18(2), 115–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2015.1120334.CrossRef

Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachment and loss: attachment (Second Edition). London/New York: Hogarth Press/Basic Books.

Brenning, K. M., Soenens, B., Braet, C., & Bosmans, G. U. Y. (2012). Attachment and depressive symptoms in middle childhood and early adolescence: testing the validity of the emotion regulation model of attachment. Personal Relationships, 19(3), 445–464. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2011.01372.x.CrossRef

Brenning, K., Soenens, B., Braet, C., & Bosmans, G. (2011). An adaptation of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-revised for use with children and adolescents. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 28(8), 1048–1072. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407511402418.CrossRef

Caleon, I. S., King, R. B., Tan, J. P., Low, M., Tan, C. S., & Liem, G. A. (2017). Nurturing grateful and connected twenty-first century learners: development and evaluation of a socially oriented gratitude intervention. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 37(4), 567–581. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2017.1386091.CrossRef

Cavallo, J. V., Murray, S. L., & Holmes, J. G. (2014). Risk regulation in close relationships. In M. Mikulincer & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Mechanisms of social connection: from brain to group (pp. 237–254). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

Chaplin, L. N., John, D. R., Rindfleisch, A., & Froh, J. J. (2019). The impact of gratitude on adolescent materialism and generosity. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 14(4), 502–511. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2018.1497688.CrossRef

Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5.CrossRef

Deng, Y., Chen, Y., Yue, Y., Hu, H., Huang, Y., & Liu, X. (2017). Reliability and validity of short version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale for children in Chinese middle school students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 25(6), 1022–1026. https://doi.org/10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2017.06.006.CrossRef

Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118.CrossRef

Jeličić, H., Phelps, E., & Lerner, R. M. (2009). Use of missing data methods in longitudinal studies: the persistence of bad practices in developmental psychology. Developmental Psychology, 45(4), 1195–1199. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015665.CrossRefPubMed

Khan, F., Chong, J. Y., Theisen, J. C., Fraley, R. C., Young, J. F., & Hankin, B. L. (2020). Development and change in attachment: a multi-wave assessment of attachment and its correlates across childhood and adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 118(6), 1188–1206. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000211.CrossRefPubMed

Le, B. M., & Impett, E. A. (2015). The rewards of caregiving for communally motivated parents. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6(7), 758–765. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550615581498.CrossRef

Li, D., Carnelley, K. B., & Rowe, A. C. (2022). Insecure attachment orientation in adults and children and negative attribution bias: a meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. Advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672221117690

Li, S., Ran, G., & Chen, X. (2021). Linking attachment to empathy in childhood and adolescence: a multilevel meta-analysis. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 38(11), 3350–3377. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075211031006.CrossRef

Liang, Y., & Kiang, L. (2018). Expressions of gratitude, wishes, and spending preferences among Chinese children and adolescents. Cross-Cultural Research, 52(1), 73–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397117737236.CrossRef

Little, T. D., Cunningham, W. A., Shahar, G., & Widaman, K. F. (2002). To parcel or not to parcel: exploring the question, weighing the merits. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 151–173. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_1.CrossRef

Liu, G., Cui, Z., Yu, H., Rotshtein, P., Zhao, F., Wang, H., & Sui, J. (2020). Neural responses to intention and benefit appraisal are critical in distinguishing gratitude and joy. Scientific Reports, 10, 7864. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64720-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Marciano, L., Schulz, P. J., & Camerini, A. L. (2022). How do depression, duration of internet use and social connection in adolescence influence each other over time? An extension of the RI-CLPM including contextual factors. Computers in Human Behavior, 136, 107390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107390.CrossRef

McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., & Tsang, J. A. (2002). The grateful disposition: a conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(1), 112–127. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.1.112.CrossRefPubMed

McCullough, M. E., Kilpatrick, S. D., Emmons, R. A., & Larson, D. B. (2001). Is gratitude a moral affect. Psychological Bulletin, 127(2), 249–266. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.2.249.CrossRefPubMed

Mills, J., Clark, M. S., Ford, T. E., & Johnson, M. (2004). Measurement of communal strength. Personal Relationships, 11(2), 213–230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00079.x.CrossRef

Murphy, T. P., Laible, D., & Augustine, M. (2017). The influences of parent and peer attachment on bullying. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26, 1388–1397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0663-2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Obeldobel, C. A., & Kerns, K. A. (2020). Attachment security is associated with the experience of specific positive emotions in middle childhood. Attachment & Human Development, 22(5), 555–567. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2019.1604775.CrossRef

Obeldobel, C. A., & Kerns, K. A. (2021). A literature review of gratitude, parent-child relationships, and well-being in children. Developmental Review, 61, 100948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2021.100948.CrossRef

Park, Y., Impett, E. A., MacDonald, G., & Lemay, E. P. (2019). Saying “thank you”: partners’ expressions of gratitude protect relationship satisfaction and commitment from the harmful effects of attachment insecurity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117(4), 773–806. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000178.CrossRefPubMed

Rholes, W. S., Eller, J., Simpson, J. A., & Arriaga, X. B. (2021). Support processes predict declines in attachment avoidance across the transition to parenthood. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47(5), 810–825. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167220948706.CrossRefPubMed

Roberto, A. J., Carlyle, K. E., Goodall, C. E., & Castle, J. D. (2009). The relationship between parents’ verbal aggressiveness and responsiveness and young adult children’s attachment style and relational satisfaction with parents. Journal of Family Communication, 9(2), 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/15267430802561659.CrossRef

Schacter, H. L., & Margolin, G. (2019). The interplay of friends and parents in adolescents’ daily lives: towards a dynamic view of social support. Social Development, 28(3), 708–724. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12363.CrossRefPubMed

Scott, V., Verhees, M., De Raedt, R., Bijttebier, P., Vasey, M. W., Van de Walle, M., & Bosmans, G. (2021). Gratitude: a resilience factor for more securely attached children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 30(2), 416–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01853-8.CrossRef

Stern, J. A., Costello, M. A., Kansky, J., Fowler, C., Loeb, E., & Allen, J. P. (2021). Here for you: attachment and the growth of empathic support for friends in adolescence. Child Development, 92(6), 1326–1341. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13630.CrossRef

Tesser, A., Gatewood, R., & Driver, M. (1968). Some determinants of gratitude. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9(3), 233–236. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025905.CrossRefPubMed

Wang, D., Chen, X. Y., Zhai, S., & Fan, F. (2022). Gratitude and internalizing/externalizing symptoms among adolescents after the Wenchuan earthquake: mediating roles of social support and resilience. Journal of Adolescence, 94(6), 867–879. https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12070.CrossRefPubMed

Waters, T. E., Yang, R., Finet, C., Verhees, M. W., & Bosmans, G. (2022). An empirical test of prototype and revisionist models of attachment stability and change from middle childhood to adolescence: a 6‐year longitudinal study. Child Development, 93(1), 225–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13672.CrossRefPubMed

Wu, N., Mo, J., Wen, A., Ou, H., Gu, W., Qiu, Y., & Lan, X. (2023). Longitudinal relationship between bullying victimization and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents: the buffering roles of gratitude and parental autonomy support. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021440.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Yu, G., Li, S., & Zhao, F. (2020). Childhood maltreatment and prosocial behavior among Chinese adolescents: roles of empathy and gratitude. Child Abuse & Neglect, 101, 104319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104319.CrossRef

Zeng, Y., Ling, Y., Huebner, E. S., He, Y., & Lei, X. (2017). The psychometric properties of the 5-item gratitude questionnaire in Chinese adolescents. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 24(4), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12372.CrossRefPubMed

Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Yang, Y., & Li, C. (2017). Attachment orientations and dispositional gratitude: the mediating roles of perceived social support and self-esteem. Personality and Individual Differences, 114, 193–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.006.CrossRef

Zhen, R., Liu, R. D., Ding, Y., Jiang, R., Jiang, S., & Hong, W. (2021). Gratitude and academic engagement among primary students: examining a multiple mediating model. Current Psychology, 40(5), 2543–2551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00202-3.CrossRef

Titel: The Longitudinal Relationship between Parent-Child Attachment and Adolescents’ Gratitude: The Mediating Role of Perceived Parental Communal Strength
Auteurs: Song Li
Junjun Liu
Yangu Pan
Xu Chen
Publicatiedatum: 07-09-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 12/2023
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01857-9

Andere artikelen Uitgave 12/2023

Parental Support and Adolescents’ Coping with Academic Stressors: A Longitudinal Study of Parents’ Influence Beyond Academic Pressure and Achievement

Open Access
Empirical Research

Xiangyu Tao Receives Emerging Scholar Best Article Award, 2023

Editorial

Are Discrepancies Between Father and Adolescent Perceptions of Harsh Parenting and Conflict Associated with Adolescent Mental Health Symptoms?

Empirical Research

A Latent Profile Analysis of Lie-Telling to Parents and Friends during Adolescence

Empirical Research

Profiles and Transitions of Loneliness and Depressive Symptoms among Migrant Children: Predictive Role of Bullying Victimization

Empirical Research

“Help Me Control My Impulses!”: Adolescent Impulsivity and Its Negative Individual, Family, Peer, and Community Explanatory Factors

Open Access
Empirical Research

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

The Longitudinal Relationship between Parent-Child Attachment and Adolescents’ Gratitude: The Mediating Role of Perceived Parental Communal Strength

Abstract

Andere artikelen Uitgave 12/2023

Parental Support and Adolescents’ Coping with Academic Stressors: A Longitudinal Study of Parents’ Influence Beyond Academic Pressure and Achievement

Xiangyu Tao Receives Emerging Scholar Best Article Award, 2023

Are Discrepancies Between Father and Adolescent Perceptions of Harsh Parenting and Conflict Associated with Adolescent Mental Health Symptoms?

A Latent Profile Analysis of Lie-Telling to Parents and Friends during Adolescence

Profiles and Transitions of Loneliness and Depressive Symptoms among Migrant Children: Predictive Role of Bullying Victimization

“Help Me Control My Impulses!”: Adolescent Impulsivity and Its Negative Individual, Family, Peer, and Community Explanatory Factors

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij THIM Hogeschool voor Fysiotherapie & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Parental Support and Adolescents’ Coping with Academic Stressors: A Longitudinal Study of Parents’ Influence Beyond Academic Pressure and Achievement

Xiangyu Tao Receives Emerging Scholar Best Article Award, 2023

Are Discrepancies Between Father and Adolescent Perceptions of Harsh Parenting and Conflict Associated with Adolescent Mental Health Symptoms?

A Latent Profile Analysis of Lie-Telling to Parents and Friends during Adolescence

Profiles and Transitions of Loneliness and Depressive Symptoms among Migrant Children: Predictive Role of Bullying Victimization

“Help Me Control My Impulses!”: Adolescent Impulsivity and Its Negative Individual, Family, Peer, and Community Explanatory Factors